survival at that time period. The people needed protection‚ while the landowners required defenses. In the Feudal Hierarchy there were 6 groups‚ Serfs‚ guildsman/craftsman‚ knights‚ vassals‚ lords‚ and monarchs. Serfs were poor farmers who worked the manor’s farmland in exchange for the safeguard they received. Guildsman were fundamentally similar to serfs because of their need of protection‚ however instead of farming they had a skill which produced a certain good for the manor. Knights and vassals
Free Feudalism
Ancient Athens‚ Greece was a direct democracy. It began in 461 B.C. and ended in 338 B.C. Ancient Athens defined their citizens as any male who is 18 years old or older‚ and has citizen parents. Like Ancient Rome‚ Athens had separate branches of government which helped them organize and maintain society. Pericles‚ an influential statesman‚ contributed a lot to the history and legacy of Ancient Athens. He helped rebuild Athens after the Persian Wars. He also contributed greatly by promoting the idea
Premium Feudalism Democracy Ancient Rome
Reformation (1517) and the Dutch Revolt (1568-1609)‚ the Germanic states and the Holy Roman Empire were home to one of the most significant peasant revolts in European history‚ the revolt of 1524. Causes of the revolt include the unfair treatment of serfs by nobles and the evolution of Lutheranism and protestant reform in peasant culture. The nobles were under the assumption that the commoners would follow them blindly with regard to rules and therefore treated the poor as slaves to do their bidding
Premium Martin Luther Protestant Reformation Thirty Years' War
about a man named Chichikov‚ who finds a troubling loophole within the Russian Tax system. Landowners were taxed on all of their land and possessions‚ this also included how many serfs they owned‚ dead or alive. The number of serfs they owned was determined by a national census‚ so landowners would continue to be taxed on serfs that had passed until the next census came around. Chichikov viewed this as a way to get rich‚ and get rich fast. The story follows Chichikov as he travels to towns within Russia
Premium Nikolai Gogol Life Russian Empire
modernization of agriculture and industry. She encouraged foreign investment in economically underdeveloped areas. She relaxed the censorship law and encouraged education for the nobles and middle class. She provided for the protection of the rights of serfs and of nobles‚ disapproved of censorship‚ and created many intellectual institutions.. She also wrote educational books and supported the standardization of the Russian language and promoted secular learning and believed in reason. She formed a Legislative
Premium Law Age of Enlightenment Frederick II of Prussia
communist manifesto‚ that capitalism has always led to two groups of people opposing each other. They used examples from different times throughout history to support their theories. Some of these examples included patricians vs plebeians‚ and lords vs serfs. During the industrial revolution‚ a time of rapid change‚ there were different ideas as to how society should be run. Some people believed that industry should be run with no government interference whatsoever. This would allow owners of large corporations
Premium Karl Marx Marxism Socialism
Enlightenment and was up to date with French Philosophes and the Enlightenment. Whilst ruling she often tried to better the lives of others; she wrote a document on reforming the legal system‚ she developed a better education and arts system and she gave the serfs and nobles more freedom. Catherine’s first major reform was of Russia’s legal system. At the time Russia’s legal system was based on the Code of Laws which was called inequitable‚ archaic and inefficient. Inspired by Charles Louis de Secondat‚ and
Premium Russian Empire Russia Saint Petersburg
done by hand‚ as was rest of the world since industrialization had not occurred yet. Russia was expanding its borders under powerful tsars and was a great world power. In 1700‚ serfdom had been what Eastern European society was based on in Russia. Serfs were tied to the land as a limited form of slavery. While forms of democracy was spreading across the globe in the late 1700s‚ Russia was behind and barely affected by the new ways of nationalism inspired by the French Revolution. However‚ Alexander
Premium Russia Russian Empire Nicholas II of Russia
practice of torture and allowed limited religious toleration. She also attempted to improve education and strengthen the local government. The philosophies applauded her measures and hoped for more to follow. In 1773 a violent and bloody revolt of the serfs occurred. Catherine’s noble-led army was able to end it‚ but the event was a turning point in the empress’s domestic policy. Catherine had condemned serfdom‚ but the revolt put an end to any thoughts she may have had of reforming society. The peasants
Premium Marriage Russian Empire Catherine II of Russia
The difference of opinions voiced by both the commentators‚ from the late 18th century‚ has yet to be resolved to this day. A minority of historians hold that his liberal reforms in Russia were mostly for the sake earning the respect of the powers of Western Europe and claim that his despotism outweighs any reforms he made. A greater majority of historians agree that Peter the Great was a despot‚ but argue that while Peter’s progressive reforms (as will be discussed below) had little effect during
Premium Russia Russian Empire Moscow