Chapter 2 IB Biology 2.1 Cell Theory 2.1.1 Outline the cell theory (2). • All organisms are composed of one or more cells • Cells are the smallest units of life • All cells come from preexisting cells • TOK: cell theory replaces the former ideas of spontaneous generation or abiogenesis in which inanimate matter assembles itself into living forms • Exception: muscle cells- more than 1 nucleus‚ very long; (fungal cells) hyphae roots- not a single unit; protoctista- not specialized to single
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Final Biology Exam Review Unit One: Cellular Processes Definitions: Apoptosis – Known as cell suicide‚ lysosomes break open and decompose the entire cell. Triglyceride – A lipid molecule composed of glycerol and three fatty acids. Simple diffusion – Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It goes through the phospholipid bilayer. Facilitated diffusion – Diffusion of particles through the cell membrane‚ assisted by transmembrane proteins
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Physiology Linder Unit 1 Possible Essay Questions Chapter 1 1. Describe the concept of homeostasis. Explain how negative feedback and positive feedback loops effect the homeostatic condition. Use examples to explain your answer. Homeostasis can be described as maintaining a relatively internal environment even though the external environment is variable. Negative feedback loops effect the homeostatic condition by controlling it by bringing you back to your set point
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D. Reyes‚ Ph.D. Instructor KINGDOM MONERA The members of the Kingdom Monera are prokaryotes and Some are the most primitive type of all cell to have evolved on earth. They lack organelles such as nucleus‚ chloroplasts‚ mitochondria‚ endoplasmic reticulum‚ golgi bodies‚ and lysosomes. Cell wall contains peptidoglycan composed of sugar linked by amino acids. They have a single circular chromosome located in a nucleoid. The main chromosomes consists of circular segments of DNA called plasmids
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INTRODUCTION TO NEUROLOGY content: Functions of the nervous system Structure of the nervous system Organisation of the nervous system Numerous functions Protection. Movement. Coordination. Control of cardiovascular system. Functioning of endocrine system. Maintenance of homeostasis. Structure Nervous system (NS) is a highly specialised‚ complex‚ interconnected network of neural tissue It coordinates‚ interprets and controls the
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The musculoskeletal system has many functions to it because it is actually two systems that are put together; muscular and skeletal. The organs that are in these systems are skeletal muscles‚ bones (joints‚ tendons‚ and ligaments). By dividing the two systems into different sections‚ it will make it easier for you‚ the reader‚ to understand and make sense of the information. The muscular system functions are to provide movement‚ protects organs‚ and production of heat. There are many muscles that
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between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are: Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus inside their cells‚ while prokaryotic cells have genetic material condensed in a nucleoid region. Organelles such as mitochondria‚ Golgi apparatus‚ chloroplast‚ and endoplasmic reticulum are present in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic don’t have. However‚ the mitochondria and chloroplasts found in eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes as compared to the ribosomes found in prokaryotic cells.
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Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Cells Introduction: The Cell: The cell is a functional unit of all living organisms. Cells have evolved into two fundamentally different types‚ eukaryotic and prokaryotic‚ which can be distinguished on the basis of their structure and the complexity of their organization. The simplest organisms which consist of one cell are called prokaryotes. More complex organisms are called eukaryotes and they consist of many cells. Objectives: * Define the terms: Eukaryotes
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Cytoskeletons (i.e. plasma membrane) Nuclei Mitochondria Supernatant S2 contains: ribosomes Peroxisomes Lysosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough and smooth) 3) Were there any notable differences in the appearance of mitochondrial pellets P2 andP3? Yes there were notable differences in the appearance of P2 and P3. P3 had a light brown colouration and was more compact
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Biology Cell theory: The basic unit of structure and function of all living organisms is the cell. Virchow’s theory: All cell arise from pre-existing cells by cell division. | Animal cells | Plant cells | Plasma membrane | Yes | Yes | Nucleus | Yes | Yes | Cytoplasm | Yes | Yes | Mitochondria | Yes | Yes | Golgi apparatus | Yes | Yes | Centriole | Yes | No | Cell wall (joined to other cells by plasmodesma) | No | Yes | Large central vacuole | No | Yes | Chloroplasts
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