Organic molecules are the molecules of life that include Carbon and Hydrogen. Organic molecules consist of four important classes which are lipids‚ carbohydrates‚ proteins and nucleic acids. The most important organic molecule is Carbon. Carbon can form with up to 4 different atoms to form chains‚ rings and branches. Organic molecules also contain monomers. Monomers are the “building blocks” of macromolecules. Macromolecules are made up by chains of monomers‚ these are called polymers. Continuing
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fatty acid-‐binding protein complexed with cholic acid. By: Nichesola‚ D.‚ Perduca‚ M.‚ Capaldi‚ S.‚ Carrizo‚ M.E.‚ Righetti‚ P.G.‚ Monaco‚ H.L. Journal: (2004) Biochemistry 43: 14072-‐14079 PubMed: 15518556 Part 1: Description: This molecule is a fatty acid binding
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able to assemble polymers from monomers and to disassemble polymers into monomers? Biological polymers (proteins‚ polysaccharides‚ nucleic acids) and lipids are assembled by dehydration synthesis; they are disassembled into their monomers (or into glycerol + fatty acids in the case of lipids) by hydrolysis reactions. 7. Explain why sugars are an essential part of our diet. Your brain can not function without glucose‚ it is also used for ATP construction within your cells‚ hence the use of insulin
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Metathione is a kind of glutathione which is a small protein composed of 3 amino acids called cysteine‚ glutamic acid‚ and glycine‚ produced normally by the body in response to today’s environment such as pollution in the air we breathe‚ water we drink‚ chemicals & pesticides in the food we eat that cause damages in our cells & system. While Glutathione is a small protein composed of three amino acids: cysteine‚ glutamic acid‚ and glycine. Glutathione exists in almost every cell of the body. The
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Maltose (glu‐glu) seeds b. Sucrose (glu‐fru) sugar cane‚ sugar beets 3) Polysaccharides a. Starch‚ food storage in roots (chains of glucose) b. Cellulose‚ plant structure (chains of glucose) 4) Amino Acids a. Glucose + N from ground 5) Lipids‚ specifically oils which are energy source in seeds & phospholipids found in membranes 6) Nucleic Acids a. Glucose + N + P from the ground Animals make some molecules unique to them 1) Galactose (monosaccharide) from glucose 2) Lactose (disaccharide) Glu‐Gal found in milk 3)
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phosphorus‚ silicon‚ and sulfur. Organic synthesis is the methodology of their preparation. Organic compounds are molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen. All living things contain these organic molecules: carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins‚ and nucleic acids. These molecules are often called macromolecules because they may be very large‚ containing thousands of carbon and hydrogen atoms and because they are typically composed of many smaller molecules bonded together. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze
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proteins to cellular compartments including export Lysosomes-single membrane; interior is pH 5; cellular digestion: autophagy Peroxisomes-small and spherical; long chain fatty acid oxidation; lipid oxidation; O2 and H2O2 based reactions Mitochondria-ETC; generation of ATP; oxidation of pyruvate‚ fatty acids‚ amino acids; apoptosis; contain own DNA and reproduce dividing in two Chloroplasts – capture energy from sunlight; found in plants and algae; Know size ranges for the cell and its components
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enzyme as a protein‚ in terms of tertiary/ quaternary structures. 1) Primary Structure This is in reference to the order of way that amino acids are connected to form a protein. These are built up from 20 amino acids‚ and follow these structures o A carbon (the alpha carbon) bonded to the four groups below: o A hydrogen atom (H) o A Carboxyl group (-COOH) o An Amino group (-NH2) o A "variable" group or "R" group 2) Secondary Structure This is in reference to the fold like structure of a polypeptide
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Denaturation of proteins involves the disruption and possible destruction of both the secondary and tertiary structures. Since denaturation reactions are not strong enough to break the peptide bonds‚ the primary structure (sequence of amino acids) remains the same after a denaturation process. Denaturation disrupts the normal alpha-helix and beta sheets in a protein and uncoils it into a random shape. Denaturation occurs because the bonding interactions responsible for the secondary structure (hydrogen
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such as carbohydrates and proteins are often polymers and are based on a small number of chemical elements. • Proteins have a variety of functions within all living organisms. The general structure of an amino acid. Condensation and the formation of peptide bonds linking together amino acids to form polypeptides. The relationship between primary‚ secondary‚ tertiary and quaternary structure‚ and protein function. • Monosaccharides are the basic molecular units (monomers) of which carbohydrates
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