the flask. Place the stopper back and weigh it again on the same digital scale. Once recorded‚ it is okay to pour this water down the drain. Observations: Mass of Empty Flask Mass of DI Water Filled Flask 15.114 g 25.048 g Now‚ put 100 mL of ethanol in a beaker and utilize a disposable pipet to fill the volumetric flask again to the calibration mark. Use the digital scale to weigh the filled flask with the stopper included. However‚ this time afterwards‚ pour the contents of the flask into a
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Alternative Fuel A Good alternative fuel vehicle to add to the lineup of vehicles of Lotus Rental Car’s will be diesel operated fuel vehicles. You will not find a big popularity in diesel fuel engines in the United States like you would in Europe but it is growing especially with the new technology available now. Some of the benefits you will find in diesel engines are the savings. One will be in the miles per gallon (MPG) diesel fuel provides people with another option rather than gas and lasts
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Bill Kozel Ms. Livingston English Comp 2 18 September 2012 Alternative Fuels in America On a national average the world uses 87.8 million barrels of crude oil on a daily basis. In 2000 it was estimated that the US alone consumed nearly 20 million barrels of oil a day‚ which is about 5% more than similar nations (Friedman 195). Oil consumption is only going to increase until it peaks‚ then it will steadily decrease as oil supply goes down. It is predicted that oil consumption will peak by the year
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in its fermentation process. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is an organism that is cultured for the cells themselves‚ as well as the end products that they produce during fermentation. Yeasts are commonly known for the ethanol fermentation due to their ability to produce ethanol for industrial purposes (Collins et al.‚ 2004).Yeast is also well known for their role in the manufacturing of beer‚ wine and liquors. Another important aspect of yeasts is that their fermentation process is anaerobic
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a and b in ethanol at room temperature. Additionally‚ several reactions were performed using various catalysts in different reaction conditions and results are summarized in Table 1. The catalyst free reaction fails to produce selective benzimidazole and conversion of reactants in long reaction time and obtained only 21 % conversion with 13 % selective yield of c after 48 h reaction time (Table I‚ Entry 1). Later on‚ the same reaction performed at 80oC reaction temperature in ethanol without any
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Alternative Fuels – Data By: Denise Claire Tan Yet Nee Structure and physical properties of Molecules Nowadays‚ there are a lot of alternative fuels which have discovered by human beings in order to replace the depleting non-renewable fossil fuels supply. In fact‚ organic chemistry has successfully proved that organic compounds can be served substitution of fossil fuel supply. The structure and physical properties of organic molecules are characteristics that aid them to become useful fuels for
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intermediate. The carbocation intermediate is then immediately detained by the weak nucleophile in a fast‚ second step to give the product. A solution of ethanol with some silver nitrate may be added provided the weak nucleophile – the alcohol. If an SN1 reaction occurs‚ the alkyl halide will dissociate to form a carbocation‚ which will then react with the ethanol to form an ether. Since there is not a strong nucleophile present‚ the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond is encouraged by the formation and precipitation
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was used to determine the rate constant k of the synthesis of benzoic acid at different temperatures and ethanol concentrations. The reaction was carried out in a batch reactor‚ where ethyl benzoate was added to a mixture of water‚ ethanol‚ and sodium hydroxide. The agitation speed of the batch reactor was kept set at 250 rpm and the temperature was varied between 40°C and 45°C. The ethanol concentrations used for this experiment were 0.25M and 0.35M. The concentration of the samples were found
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be used in this experiment include benzaldehyde‚ 95% ethanol‚ 0.5M NaOH solution and acetone. Here are some of their physical properties. Name Molecular Formula Molecular Weight Melting Point (℃) Boiling Point (℃) Density (g·cm-3) Character Benzaldehyde C7H6O 106.12 －26 178 1.0415 (10/4℃) Colorless fluid‚ bitter almond flavor. Acetone C3H6O 58.08 -94.7 56.05 0.7845 Colorless fluid‚ pleasant spicy and sweet flavor. Ethanol C2H5OH 46.07 -114.3 (158.8 K) 78.4 (351.6 K)
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RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS Ligroin Toluene Ethanol H2O Anthracene Did not dissolve Slightly dissolved Did not dissolve Did not dissolve Benzoic acid Did not dissolve Dissolved Slightly dissolved Did not dissolve Phthalic acid Almost dissolved Almost dissolved Did not dissolve Dissolved Resorcinol Dissolved Dissolved Dissolved Dissolved Sodium naphthionate Did not dissolve Did not dissolve dissolved Dissolved Table 1. Results for the five compounds tested in four different solvents. Functional Group
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