from lactate (Madur‚ 2009). Anaerobic respiration can be further divided into two types; namely‚ alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. In alcohol fermentation‚ pyruvate (product of glucose in glycolysis) is converted to 2 molecules of ethanol (C2H5OH) and 2 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) while in lactic acid fermentation‚ pyruvate is reduced directly into lactic acid (Campbell and Reece‚ 2008). A good example of organism which produces ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine which type of alcohol (ethanol‚ butan-1-ol‚ or propan-2-ol) contains the most energy per gram. It was expected that if we burn three alcohols (ethanol‚ propan-2-ol‚ and butan-1-ol) for 2 minutes‚ then butan-1-ol will release the most energy per gram (J/g) because butan-1-ol contains more carbon atoms than other alcohols which means more energy is required to break its chemical bonds and more energy will be released when new chemical bonds are formed
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to gain an understanding about what alcohol is‚ how alcohol is produced‚ the metabolic processes involved with the breakdown of alcohol in the body and the enzymes that catalyze these reactions and how these biochemical reactions affect the liver and brain and the effects of alcohol on the human body. Introduction A good deal of the population consume alcohol‚ some more than others. The effects of alcohol consumption on the human body affects mainly the
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2-methyl-2-bromobutane were added to the third test tube. The test tubes were stopper and were shaken to mix the chemicals. The test tubes were observed for cloudiness or precipitation. Observations were recorded. 2mL of 0.1 M AgNO3 in absolute ethanol was added into three test tubes. One drop of 1-bromobutane was added to the first test tube. One drop of 2-bromobutane was added to the second test tube. One drop of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane was added to the third test tube. The test tubes were
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carbonyl and ultimately in the wrong position. This is why it was important to pay special attention to the amounts of reactants added to the mixture. Experimental: In a medium sized test tube * Add 4 mL of 3M NaOH solution * Add 3 mL of 95% ethanol * Add .424 g of benzaldehyde * Add .116 g of acetone Take a TLC of mixture Cap tube with cork and shake mixture vigorously for 30 minutes * Add 3 mL of water into test tube and cap the tube and shake vigorously Repeat 3 times Remove
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development of a mixed fuel called HYTEST. Today‚ automobile manufacturers and DOE continue to work on hydrogen-powered ICEs. | Hydrogen/natural gas fueling (HYTEST fuel) of Ford Ranger‚ FSEC H2 Lab (Photo: S. Spencer) | There are four basic issues regarding hydrogen-fueled engines and vehicles: engine backfire and susceptibility of hydrogen to surface ignition‚ somewhat reduced engine power‚ high nitric oxide (NOx) emissions‚ and the problem of on-board storage of the fuel and safety. Although
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Alternative Fuels for Cars Automobiles are considered one of the largest contributors to climate change – only preceded by the effect of fossil fuel power generation plants [1]. This means that the automobile industry is under a lot of pressure to cut down on carbon emissions globally by finding alternative fuels for cars. Moreover‚ as we approach peak oil [2]‚ the availability of conventional automobile fuels will reduce drastically causing an exponential rise in fuel prices [2]‚ a fact that
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Chapter 14 Lecture Outline Prepared by Andrea D. Leonard University of Louisiana at Lafayette Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Organic Compounds that Contain Oxygen‚ Halogen‚ or Sulfur Four families of compounds that contain a C atom singly bonded to O‚ S‚ or X (F‚ Cl‚ Br‚ or I) are: 1. Alcohols‚ which contain an OH (hydroxyl) group 2. Ethers‚ which have two alkyl groups bonded to an O atom 2 Organic Compounds that Contain
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oil and natural gas reserves World primary energy consumption Fuel fundamentals Fuel sources Alternatives for the future Dual-fuel Bio-diesel GTL Diesel Ethanol Hydrogen Gasoline Analyses & Conclusions Bibliography Acknowledgement 3 5 7 7 8 10 11 14 21 25 29 31 34 37 39 44 45 Summary 2 Alternatives future for the As the we live in a world that relies 99% in those two fuels for transportation. Many alternative fuels have some potential to change the future but just a few can really
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The results showed that the flatworms moved faster away from light toward darkness when it treated with caffeine. In contrast‚ it moved slower away from light toward darkness when it treated with ethanol. For the first specimen‚ flatworm 1(Fredrick)‚ treated with water used as a control‚ then with 0.5 % EtOH and 1% EtOH. The speed was decreasing as the trials were repeated for each different concentration compared to the control trials of water was increasing. Higher concentration of EtOH caused
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