plastic is made‚ how fabric is made‚ how wood is made‚ and how paper is made. A permanent marker is a type of writing utensil that is used to create permanent lines on almost any surface. The ink of a permanent marker is water resistant‚ contains propanol‚ butanol‚ diacetone alcohol‚ and different dye colorings‚ and can vary between all colors from black to yellow. The process of creating a Sharpie permanent marker is not very long or complicated. First‚ the barrel of the marker is molded out of a plastic
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functional group of an organic compound based on the tests performed. Several organic compounds with different functional groups were tested to identify the functional groups present in the compound. n-heptane‚ pentene‚ benzene‚ heptanol‚ sec-butanol‚ phenol‚ acetyl chloride‚ buteraldehyde‚ benzaldehyde‚ 2-butanone‚ propanoic acid‚ sucrose‚ diethyl ether‚ butyl bromide‚ acetonitrile‚ L-alanine‚ n-amyl acetate‚ benzene sulfonyl chloride and aniline were used as test compounds. Observations were
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Reaction Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to prepare an alkyl halide‚ 2-chloro-2-methylbutane by reacting 2-methyl -2-butanol (t-amyl alcohol) with hydrochloric acid. Alkyl halides are of wide interest because they are widespread and have diverse beneficial and detrimental impacts .The overall reaction is given below: Procedure 1 ml of 2-methyl-2-butanol was measured using 1 ml syringe and transferred into a 5 ml conical vial. 2.5 ml of highly concentrated Hydrochloric acid was then
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extracted with eight liter with refluxing ethanol. The combined extracts were evaporated with rotary evaporator and further partitioned between water and chloroform. The water layer was extracted with n-butanol and the organic layer was evaporated with rotary evaporator to yield n-butanol extracts. The n-butanol extracts were concentrated in drying oven 60 ºC. Identification of extracted
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Experiment 1: Preparation of 1-Bromobutane and Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Objective: The purpose of this lab is to prepare 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol in an acid-catalyzed substitution reaction. While the reaction would be expected to occur as SN2 due to the primary nature of the substrate‚ because H2SO4 is used as a solvent‚ the conditions are very polar and the reaction can proceed via an SN1 reaction. The main objective is to obtain test results to determine the mechanism of the reaction
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HSC Chemistry Topic 1 PRODUCT ON of MATERIALS What is this topic about? To keep it as simple as possible‚ (K.I.S.S.) this topic involves the study of: 1. POLYMERS FROM PETROCHEMICALS & BIOMASS 2. ALTERNATIVE FUELS - ETHANOL & THE ALKANOLS 3. REDOX CHEMISTRY & BATTERIES 4. RADIOACTIVITY & ITS USES ...all in the context of society’s use of energy and materials but first) an introduction ... In the previous topic in the Preliminary Course‚ you learnt about carbon chemistry of petroleum Then you
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Hydrogen Producing Bacteria was incubated in a complete - mix digester with work volume 1.7 L‚ seeded with sludge obtained from the local sewage treatment plant. Each liter of feed medium was composed of the following : 7 g of glucose‚ 1 g NaHCO3 ‚ 500 mg of NH4Cl ‚ 250 mg KH2PO4 ‚ 250 mg K2HPO4 ‚ 320 mg of MgSO4 • 7H2O ‚ 50 mg of FeCl 3 ‚ NiSO4 32 mg ‚ 50 mg CaCl2‚ Na2BO7 7.2 mg H2O ‚ 14.4 mg (NH4) 6MO7O24 H2O ‚ 23 mg of ZnCl2 ‚ 21 mg CoCl2 H2O ‚ 10 mg CuCl2•2H2O and 30 mg of MnCl2•4H2O . The reaction
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species Melipona quadrifasciata was obtained in May‚ 2013 in the city of Blumenau‚ SC‚ Brazil (26 ° 54’21.3 "S 49 ° 04’49.1 "W). In order to obtain a hydroalcoholic crude extract (HCE)‚ 284.3 grams of propolis were pulverized and macerated in 70% ethanol (m m-1)‚ left in a dark chamber for 7 days at room temperature‚ filtered in vacuum and taken to complete drying in a rotary evaporator with reduced pressure. In order to increase the yield of the extract‚ this extraction procedure was repeated 3 times
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primary‚ secondary and tertiary. The alcohols that will be used here will only be part of the primary and secondary group. The 5 alcohols will be Methanol‚ Ethanol. Propan-2-ol‚ Butan-1-ol and Pentan-1-ol . In this experiment we are going to test how alcohol evaporates.
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with 3 ml of water in each. 2. Place 3 drops of acetic acid‚ benzoic acid‚ and oxalic acid in separate test tubes. 3. Shake and observe the solubility‚ then test the solution with litmus paper if soluble. 4. Repeat the experiment using ether and ethanol as the solvent. 9.2 Reactions with Bases 1. Prepare 3 test tubes with 3 drops of 5% NaOH. 2. Add 5 drops of 50 mg of acetic acid‚ benzoic acid and oxalic acid. 3. Shake and observe the changes. 4. Repeat the procedures using 5% NaHCO3. 9
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