non-programmed decisions Prepared by: Rehab Mohamed Abd El Rasoule PROGRAMMED AND NONPROGRAMMED DECISIONS Programmed decisions: Programmed decision are decisions that have been made so many times in the past that managers have developed rules or guideline to be applied when certain situations are expected to occur in a certain situation. Another definition: It’s made in accordance with written or unwritten policies‚ procedures‚ or rules that simplify decision making
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Executive Summary Barilla SpA‚ an Italian pasta manufacturer‚ is experiencing amplified levels of inefficiencies and rising costs due to variability in demand from its distributors. In order to bring things back in order and to improve margins‚ Giorgio Magialli‚ the Director of Logistics at Barilla wants to implement a Just-In-Time Distribution (JITD) system that was proposed by his predecessor Brando Vitali. This system is entirely different from the existing setup and is being opposed by both
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Executive Summary Barilla SpA‚ an Italian pasta manufacturer‚ is experiencing greater levels of inefficiencies and rising costs due to variability in demand from its distributors. In order to restore things to order and to improve margins‚ Giorgio Magialli‚ the Director of Logistics at Barilla wants to implement a Just-In-Time Distribution (JITD) system that was proposed by his predecessor Brando Vitali. This system is completely different from the existing setup and is being opposed by both the
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26 3.6 Teleradilogia 27 3.7 Telesoccorso 27 3.8 Telespirometria 28 3.9 Telechirurgia 28 3.10 Telerobotica chirurgica 29 4 Analisi dei risultati ottenuti 30 4.1 La diffusione dell’e-health in Europa 30 4.2 La situazione in Italia e gli sviluppi di mercato 31 4.3 Le applicazioni esistenti: descrizione e critiche 34 4.3.1 La cartella clinica elettronica: My DocEHealth e MyPatient Record 34 4.3.2 La Teleradiologia 35 4.3.3 Telecardiologia: My Doctor@Home 36
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Barilla’s pasta supply chain suffers from classic bullwhip-effect problems: High inventory levels maintained at each level of the supply chain; frequent stockouts at the distribution level; demand variability exaggeration up the chain‚ and aggravated by constant sales promotions‚ Full Truck Load(FTL) and other volume incentives; and a lack of information on which to forecast demand. In addition‚ the increasing variability of Barilla’s dry pasta product (about 800 SKUs) intensifies all the problems
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of such a process‚ barriers to its to improve quality‚ product and market development and ways to overdiversification; to increase productivity and come them. A cognitive mapping technique was used in the analysis reduce costs; to define specific marketing of respondents ’ perceptions topolicies and to improve management wards the development of such a structures (Relvas‚ 1993; Martins‚ 1993). process‚ with the maps showing These challenges contributed to an more similarities than differences between
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and the company received relatively long-term supply contracts from the OEMs. The company grew slowly but steadily since late 1940s‚ and its current sales are expected to be €280 million. In November of 2000‚ Fonderia di Torino was faced with the decision of purchasing an automated molding machine called the Vulcan Mold-Maker to replace the six machines currently in place. The firm currently was using semi-automatic machines for the production of castings‚ which had low productivity‚ and lack of
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Organisational Design 3.2 Human Resource Management (HRM) Chief Executive Officer (CEO) The CEO serves as chief executive of KK Spa Sdn Bhd and‚ in partnership with the Board‚ is responsible for the success of KK Spa Sdn Bhd. CEO assure KK Spa Sdn Bhd relevance to the community and make sure the organization accomplish its vision and mission. Besides‚ CEO also assure the accountability of KK Spa Sdn Bhd to its diverse constituents (Simone‚ n.d.). In our company‚ CEO is responsible to assure accountabilities in
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Decision-making is an essential aspect of modern management. It is a primary function of management. A manager’s major job is sound/rational decision-making. He takes hundreds of decisions consciously and subconsciously. Decision-making is the key part of manager’s activities. Decisions are important as they determine both managerial and organizational actions. A decision may be defined as "a course of action which is consciously chosen from among a set of alternatives to achieve a desired result
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Decision making is an essential leadership skill. If you can learn how to make timely‚ well-considered decisions‚ then you can lead your team to well-deserved success. If‚ however‚ you make poor decisions‚ your time as a leader will be brutally short. To determine what leads people to make bad decisions‚ it’s helpful to consider what we would need to create the ideal decision-making environment. Most theories on decision-making are based on what the rational decision maker will do when faced with
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