Return on equity or return on capital is the ratio of net income of a business during a year to its stockholders’ equity during that year. It is a measure of profitability of stockholders’ investments. It shows net income as percentage of shareholder equity. Formula The formula to calculate return on equity is: ROE = Annual Net Income Average Stockholders’ Equity Net income is the after tax income whereas average shareholders’ equity is calculated by dividing the sum of shareholders’
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Maxims and Equity Equity in its broadest sense means fairness. Within the legal system it’s known to be a body of law that looks at all concerns which fall separate from the jurisdiction of common law. It allows courts to use their discretion and apply justice in accordance with “natural law”. Dictionary.com’s definition of maxim is “an expression of a general truth or principle‚ a principle or rule of conduct”. Maxims of equity can be described as an established principle of fairness. They
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Brand Community Introduction During the last fifteen years‚ there are many popular subjects: relationship marketing and brand building‚etc.These hot subjects encourage interaction and speed up the incubation of new sources of disciplinary growth: Brand Relationship(the relationship between consumer and brand).In Brand Relationship theory sysytem‚more scholars focus on the relationship between consumer and brand‚ but Muniz and O’Guinn(2001) did more research on the relationship among consumers
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Two terms that are import to sport and closely linked are equality and equity. While being closely linked and sometimes though the mean the same both have different meaning in relation to sport. Firstly the term equality refers to a situation where individuals as well as groups are equal and have the same rights and ability to access opportunities. Secondly the term equity can be studied to determine whether resources are distributed fairly to all members of a society. Both of these terms can be
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workforce diversity Improving quality and productivity Improving customer service Improving people skills Stimulating innovation and change Coping with ’temporariness’ Working in networked organizations Helping employees balance work-life conflicts Creating a positive work environment Improving ethical behaviour Coming attractions: developing an OB model An overview The dependent variables The independent variables Toward a contingency OB model Global implications 3 4 4 4 6 6 7 7 8 10 10 10 11 11 12
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Shareholder’s Equity Samantha Partida ACC 306 Ashley Harper December 10‚ 2012 Shareholder’s equity‚ also known as stockholder’s equity‚ is essentially the amount of equity directly from stock. The calculation to determine shareholder’s equity is quite simple as outlined further in this paper. In order to figure out where the numbers are located for this figure‚ just look for the shareholder’s equity financial statement. Comprehensive income also plays a role in equity. Shareholder’s equity is also
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Equity theory The motivation theories highlighted in the case which are Equity theory and Vroom’s expectancy theory. For the Equity theory which is developed by J.Stacey Adams‚ proposes that employees perceive and assess a ratio of jobs inputs related to the outcomes they received for their performance to seek either equity or inequity in their situation and then corrects any inequity. The term of equity in the Equity theory is related to the concept of fairness‚ justice‚ and treated equally between
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Editor’s Introduction: Brand Management Francesca Dall’Olmo Riley Introduction The study of brands and brand management has historically attracted a great deal of interest among practitioners and academics. Early‚ seminal research on brands includes the studies by Gardner and Levy (1955)‚ Levy (1959)‚ Martineau (1959) and Allison and Uhl (1964). Since then‚ the number of brand related journal articles and of brand management books have increased exponentially‚ particularly in the last 20
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reproduced without written permission from the author. Brand awareness and brand image Chuck Chakrapani Building brand equity To build brand equity‚ we need to start with the building blocks of brand equity. They include brand awareness‚ and brand image or the associations that a brand evokes. Brand awareness Brand awareness has two components: breadth and depth. Let us first consider depth . While a consumer may be aware of many brands‚ all brands are not equal in terms of awareness. The depth of
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EQUITY THEORY • This process theory focuses on workers’ perceptions of the fairness of their work outcomes and inputs. Specifically they strive to maintain ratios of their own rewards to contributions which are equal to others’ ratios . EQUITY EQUATIONS • Equity – Outcomes (self) Inputs (self) = Outcomes (other) Inputs (other) •Underpayment Inequity Outcomes (self) Inputs (self) • Overpayment Inequity Outcomes (self) Inputs (self) < Outcomes (other) Inputs (other) > Outcomes
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