By the end of the sixteenth century‚ Portuguese hegemony that was in the Indian Ocean was growing weak (359). Portugal was a small country with an even smaller population. With its size‚ Portugal was not able to keep up with the demand that came with a large seaborne trading empire. In the late sixteenth century‚ investors from other areas began to put expeditions together so that trips could be made to Asian markets. Some of the most prominent followers of the Portuguese were the English and Dutch
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is to bring the hegemony of the dominant political group to the end. Ideological struggles occur both when people try to contest the established ideological field in favor of an entirely new one and when they want to initiate disruptive changes of the existing ideologies by transforming their meanings. Gramsci recognizes the importance of popular culture and the media in the ideological process. As Atton (“Alternative Media” 45) puts it‚ only alternative media challenge hegemony. They do it either
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• • • • • • inShare13 • • • Cross-Cultural Materialism: Commodifying Culture in Japan Mary Yoko Brannen‚ School of Business Administration‚ The University of Michigan [ to cite ]: Mary Yoko Brannen (1992) ‚"Cross-Cultural Materialism: Commodifying Culture in Japan"‚ in SV - Meaning‚ Measure‚ and Morality of Materialism‚ eds. Floyd W. Rudmin and Marsha Richins‚ Provo‚ UT : Association for Consumer Research‚ Pages: 167-180. [pic] Meaning‚ Measure‚ and Morality of Materialism‚ 1992
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Race and Racism Impact in Today’s Society Race has been a concept that has change throughout the history of mankind. Such concept is used in today’s society to classify individuals into racial categories. In Omi and Winant’s book “Racial Formation in the United States”‚ they present how race and racism plays a crucial role in today’s society by explaining the history behind the concepts and how individuals interact with each other in a social environment that is defined by race. Similarly‚ senator
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the international system. Rather‚ IGOs are simply used by powerful states to implement their power politics more effectively and to pursue their self-interest. The establishment and the success of IGOs are thereby dependent on the existence of a hegemony possessing overwhelming power resources‚ i.e.‚ something like a legal monopoly of force. Neo-realism mostly adopts the premises of classical realism but attempts more differentiation (Gilpin 1981; Grieco 1988; Kennedy 1987; Waltz 1979). Since‚ in
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References: : Crane‚ D. (1999). “Gender and Hegemony in fashion magazines: Women’s Interpretations of Fashion Photographs.” The Sociological Quarterly‚ v40 i4 p541. Ford‚ J.B.‚ LaTour‚ M.S. (1996). “Contemporary Female Perspectives of Female Role Portrayals in Avdertising.” Journal of Current Issues
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feminist criticism‚ Madonna is truly the ultimate television heroine. A discussion on contemporary popular culture and especially on media culture could never be complete without bringing up Madonna. She can be discussed in terms of feminism‚ ideology‚ hegemony and commercialism as seen in both Kaplan’s as well as in John Fiske’s article on British Cultural Studies. In order to properly explain how the "Madonna Phenomenon" has become such an important concept in media studies‚ one must look first at how
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political domination by authoritarian approaches. The dependency/world system theories appears to be at work‚ where the developing countries are powerless or vulnerable allowing them to be dependent on advanced technologies‚ policies and ideas from their hegemony for economic growth and development as well as political survival. According to Amartya Sen‚ development is the process of economic‚ technological and social change by which human welfare is improved. The Liberal International Economic Order‚ (L
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unequal division of power and resources.” (Phillipson 1992 p.47) and create a culture of what Phillipson calls‚ linguistic imperialism. For Phillipson the ELT industry and ELT pedagogy are not innocent bystanders in the rise of English language hegemony but are complicit in a neo-colonial agenda that he sees as driving English to its current position. He contends that the popular view of the spread of English as ‘an incontrovertible boon’ is misplaced and that the discourse that currently ties learning
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Grunig in his excellence theory suggested that of the 15 percent of organisations that practice two way symmetrical communication‚ this consisted primarily of regulated business. By examining the communication practices of financial advisory firm X‚ does this support or disprove Grunig’s claims? The four models of public relations and excellence theory as proposed by Grunig and Hunt in 1984 remains one of the most dominant and also critiqued theoretical perspectives in public relations (Laskin‚ 2009)
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