Content Page INTRODUCTION 3 HOFSTEDE’S DIMENSIONS 4 Power distance Uncertainty avoidance Individualism/ Collectivism Feminine/ Masculine Low context cultures/ high context culture TROMPENAARS DIMENSIONS 4 Universalism/ particularism Individualism/ collectivism Achievement/ ascription Neutral/ affective Specific/ diffuse Internal/
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most popular theories and used by many national culture. Hofstede (1980) developed five cultural dimensions: (1) power distance; (2) individualism versus collectivism; (3) uncertainty avoidance; (4) masculinity versus femininity; (5) long term orientation. Another cultural framework developed by Edward Hall (1976). He mentions high- context and low-context cultural factors. Moreover‚ Hall focuses on communication in his cultural model. Trompenaars also note diversity cultures model. The purpose of
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and Relationships (e.g.‚ Role Relationships‚ Power Distance) Hofstede (from website) Means-oriented vs. Goal-oriented Internally-driven vs. Externally-driven Easygoing work discipline vs. Strict work discipline Local vs. Professional Open-system vs. Closed-system Employee-oriented vs. Work-oriented Degree of acceptance of leadership style Degree of identification with your organization McNeil’s Version of Hofstede (McNeill‚ 2007) Process vs. Results Employee vs. Job Parochial
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Culture? Impact of Business Culture II." ! Country Profile: Italy ! ! II.i. ! Business culture in Italy III." " ! ! ! ! ! Hofstede Centric Analysis of Italy’s Business Culture " ! ! ! ! ! " ! ! ! ! ! III.i ! Power Distance III.ii ! Individualism III.iii ! Masculinity III.iv. ! Uncertainty Avoidance III.v. ! Long-Term Orientation III.vi. Hofstede Critique IV." V." VI." Potential Issues and Recommendations Conclusion Bibliography Italy’s Business: A Cultural Analysis!
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organisation in Germany. Executive Summary Many frameworks have been developed to define cultural dimensions and their importance when working in a culture different to our own. I have analysed a combination of dimensions drawing from Hofstede‚ Trompenaars‚ Hall and Hall (1990)‚ Walker‚ Walker and Schmitz (2003) and Browaeys and Price (2008)‚ in order to analyse the differences between England and Germany. The analysis carried out showing similarities and differences between England and Germany
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is not inherited but “man-made‚ confirmed by others‚ conventionalized‚ and passed on for younger people or newcomers to learn. It provides people with a meaningful context in which to meet‚ to think about themselves and to face the outer world" (Trompenaars‚ 1993: 24). Successful international operating businesses necessarily have to take into consideration all possible consequences of cultural differences on the management‚ the individual work attitude‚ the communication and negotiations (Rothlauf
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Vol Hall‚ E.T. (1989)‚ Beyond Culture‚ Anchor Books‚ New York‚ NY. Hall‚ E.T. and Hall‚ M.R. (1990)‚ Understanding Cultural Differences‚ Intercultural Press‚ Yarmouth‚ ME. Hampden-Turner‚ C. and Trompenaars‚ F. (1993)‚ The Seven Cultures of Capitalism‚ Piatkus‚ London. Hampden-Turner‚ C. and Trompenaars‚ F. (2006)‚ “Cultural intelligence: is such a capacity credible?”‚ Group & Organization Management‚ Vol Hart‚ P. (1998)‚ “Preventing groupthink revisited: evaluating and reforming groups in government”
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„Managers should stick to leading and directing. Facilitation has no place in management.” Is facilitation really not needed and wanted in management? In the following pages I will discuss the validity of this statement with its pros and cons. Historical evolution of management thought If we go back in history we are shown how managers became what they are now. They use basically the same techniques and have the same principles managers from decades back had already. Management and
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................ 2 Eastern culture versus Western culture ........................................................................................... 3 Power Distance Index (PDI): Geert Hofstede ................................................................................. 4 Hierarchy and Equality: Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner ........................................................ 4 PDI and Educational level .................................................................................
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Theoretical Diversity. Journal of management‚ 30(6)‚ 907-931. Czinkota‚ M.R.‚ & Johnston W.J. (1983). Exporting: Does Sales Volume Make a Difference? Journal of International Business Studies‚ 14(1)‚ 147-153. Drogendijk‚ R. & Slangen‚ A. (2006). Hofstede‚ Schwartz‚ or managerial perceptions? The effect of different cultural distance measures on establishment mode choices by multinational enterprises. International Business Review‚ 15(4)‚ 361-380. Eden‚ L. & Miller‚ S.R. (2004). Distance Matters:
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