Analysis of Hydrocarbons Jessa Grace B. Castillo* and Stephanie Chua Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines ______________________________________________ Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbons and further divided in major types. Hydrocarbons react differently in reagents. The basis of determining an unknown hydrocarbon is due to the differences in reactions of hydrocarbons. An unknown compound is determined using tests. The
Premium Benzene Carbon Hydrocarbon
Enthalpy changes can be calculated using average bond enthalpy data. i) The enthalpy change to convert methane into gaseous atoms is shown below. [pic] Calculate the average bond enthalpy of a C—H bond in methane. [1] ii) Use the data in the table below and your answer to (a)(i) to calculate the enthalpy change for [pic] [3] [pic] b) The standard enthalpy of formation of 1‚2-dibromoethane‚ CH2BrCH2Br‚ is – 37.8 kJmol-1. Suggest the main reason for
Premium Enthalpy Thermodynamics Hydrogen
will be conducted‚ with the formula Mg(s) +2HCl(aq) → H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) Hydrogen gas is produced when hydrochloric acid and magnesium are mixed. The volume of hydrogen gas is found by measuring the volume of the buret after the reaction occurred. The number of moles is found by converting the given amount of grams of magnesium into moles of magnesium using the molar mass and then using the equation to find the number of hydrogen gas mole with a one to one mole ratio. Once finding these two important
Premium Ideal gas law Mole Gas
processing applications was investigated over the amorphous Ni–Ru–B/ZrO2 catalyst. The result showed that‚ at the temperature of 210–230 8C‚ the catalyst was shown to be capable of reducing CO in a hydrogen-rich reformate to less than 10 ppm‚ while keeping the CO2 conversion below 1.55% and the hydrogen consumption below 6.50%. # 2009 Xin Fa Dong. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Keywords: Selective methanation; CO; Amorphous; Ni–Ru–B/ZrO2 catalyst
Premium Hydrogen Solid Chemical reaction
a decomposition reaction could be a redox reaction. The electrolysis of water is a redox reaction. With a direct electric current through it‚ water can be separated into oxygen and hydrogen. H2O H2 + O2 The oxygen and hydrogen in the water are attached by a covalent bond that breaks to make the element oxygen and the element hydrogen. Learning more about the conditions for redox reactions will show that the electrolysis of water is a redox reaction. A single replacement reaction is always a redox reaction
Premium Oxygen Hydrogen Chlorine
this lab was the convert liquid methyl oleate to solid methyl stearate by catalytic hydrogenation. Firstly‚ we produced hydrogen gas using solid mossy zinc and sulfuric acid. Using the hydrogen produced in the previous reaction‚ we were able to convert the liquid methyl oleate to solid crystals of methyl stearate. A mineral oil was also used to bubbler was used to maintain the hydrogen pressure slightly above the atmospheric pressure and to prevent back-diffusion of air into the system. An initial zinc
Premium Hydrogen Catalysis Zinc
but has two less hydrogen atoms. Theobromine is the substance in chocolate that can be toxic to animals. It also has a bitter taste‚ and is found in higher quantities in dark chocolate than milk chocolate. Theobromine increases excretion of water from bodies‚ relaxes‚ and stimulates. There is no evidence of the relationship between the structure and functions. Theobromine is an alkaloid belonging to the methylxanthine group. It is made up of seven carbon atoms‚ eight hydrogen atoms‚ four nitrogen
Premium Nitrogen Oxygen Chocolate
special case of conjugation that leads to an especially stable bonding arrangement. The benzene ring consists of six sp2 hybridized carbon atoms in a regular hexagon. Each carbon forms two σ-bonds with adjacent carbons‚ and a third σ-bond with a hydrogen atom. The 2p orbital on each atom is available for π-bonding. Interaction between the p orbitals on the six carbon atoms forms a conjugated system of π-electrons. Molecules with this bonding arrangement are called aromatic molecules. For convenience
Premium Benzene Atom Chemical bond
product‚ 2-bromohexane‚ is analyzed to see if it is produced according to Markovnikov’s rule‚ which states that when an alkene reacts with a hydrogen halide (HBr) to form an alkyl halide‚ the H+ is added to the carbon with a greater number of hydrogen substituents to form a more stable carbocation and the halogen (Br-) is added to the carbon with fewer hydrogen substituents. A heterogeneous mixture of 0.5mL of 1-hexane‚ 2 mL of 48% aqueous hydrobromic acid‚ and 150 mg of tetrabutylammonium bromide
Premium Chemistry Alcohol Hydrogen
anywhere in the book if you wanted to. The first element I will discuss is hydrogen. Hydrogen is the first element on the periodic table and is the most reactive. It only has one proton and one electron. It is the most abundant element in the universe. It is cheap to buy and it was used in some ships a long time ago. It didn’t go so well. Another fact about hydrogen is that our sun converts 600‚000‚000 tons of hydrogen into 596‚000‚000 million tons of helium. The rest of it is converted into energy
Premium Chemical element Oxygen Hydrogen