Chemical /Apparatus required 3. Theory 4. Procedure 5. Observation 6. Result 7. Precaution 8. Caution 9. Scope of the experiment 10. Reference 11. Acknowledgment AIM: To prepare phenol formaldehyde plastic / Bakelite. CHEMICALS / APPARATUS REQUIRED : Beakers Phenol Formaldehyde Glass rod Spirit lamp Wire gauge Acetic acid Hydrochloric acid(HCl) Theory : This reaction is highly exothermic‚ but that is not why the plastic produced is referred to as "thermoset"
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exothermic and if the enthalpy change is positive it is an endothermic reaction (Petrucci‚ Herring et al. 2011). The heat of the reaction was measured for a the neutralization reaction of four different acids which were 1.994 M HCl‚ 2.035 M HNO3 ‚ 0.5115 M phenol and HCl with unknown molar concentration. There are two different situations for the neutralization reaction because the acid used can either be a strong electrolyte or a weak electrolyte. If the acid is a strong electrolyte it will dissociate into
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analogues of water. H O H R O H Alcohols are usually classified as primary‚ secondary and tertiary. H R H OH H primary R R OH R R OH OH R secondary tertiary phenol Alcohols with the hydroxyl bound directly to an aromatic (benzene) ring are called phenols. Nomenclature of Alcohols (Normally any compound’s name which ends in –ol is an alcohol of some sort) IUPAC rules that: (1) Name the longest carbon chain bearing the –OH group. Drop the last –e
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VI. Results and Discussion In this exercise‚ the goal was to produce acetylsalicylic acid through the organic synthesis from the reaction of salicylic acid to acetic anhydride‚ the starting materials. Instead of using acetic acid‚ acetic anhydride was used as solvent since the anhydride reacting with water to form acetic acid tends to drive the reaction to the right. It results from the elimination of a molecule of water from two molecules of acetic acid (see Fig. 11.2). Figure 11.3 below
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ortho-nitrophenol we had 60% recovery and for para 160% recovery. Our melting point ranges were ortho: 45-46°C and para 64-95°C. Introduction: Nitration: In phenols‚ -OH group strongly activates the ring system. As a result‚ phenols are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). Thus‚ nitration of phenols is carried out with dilute nitric acid and results in the formation of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol. The o-nitrophenol is steam volatile and the mixture of
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Expt. BL 304 Kinetics of Alkaline Phosphatase Objective To study the kinetics of alkaline phosphatase. Procedure 1. Sodium carbonate - sodium bicarbonate buffer: Dissolve 20 ml of 0.2 M solution of sodium carbonate (2.12 gm in 100 ml distilled water) and 230 ml of 0.2 M sodium bicarbonate (4.12 gm in 250 ml distilled water) to make up the volume 250 ml with pH 9 -9.2 2. 5 N sodium hydroxide solution (10 gm in 50 ml distilled water) 3. Substrate stock solution: Dissolve 0.1 gm of p-nitrophynyl
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| Gram Negative Unknown | Biology 3444-006 | | Lena Wallace | 11/7/2011 | | Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to identify an unknown bacteria culture using differential tests. The identification of the unknown culture was accomplished by identifying the bacteria based on its specific metabolic characteristics and morphology. It is suggested that culture 11 is a sample of Enterobacter aerogenes. Introduction: This experiment was centered on metabolic and biochemical testing
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acetylsalicylic acid otherwise known as aspirin as well as methyl salicylate‚ which is a component of oil of wintergreen. Both of which are used for pain relief/soreness. Salicylic acid is a member of the phenol class as their hydroxyl group (OH) is attached to a phenyl ring (benzene) and many phenols react with ferric chloride to cause a colour change. And so‚ in this investigation we are to prepare the two esters and compare their reactions with ferric chloride compared to the reaction between salicylic
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Lab 7 – Cellular Respiration Objectives: • To be able to define cellular respiration and fermentation. • To give the overall balanced equations for aerobic respiration and alcoholic fermentation. • To distinguish between inputs‚ products‚ and efficiency of aerobic respiration and those of fermentation. • Understand the relationship between respiration and photosynthesis. Note: You should perform experiments as described in this handout‚ which are adapted from Starr and
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blue color‚ then placed back in the incubator for another 5 days and observed again. The sixth and seventh tests performed was the fermentation of sucrose and arabinose. This was performed by aseptically inoculating a tube of phenol red sucrose broth‚ and a tube of phenol red arabinose broth with the unknown culture and incubating at 37 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. After incubation‚ the two tubes were examined for color change. The eighth test was to find out if the bacteria in question had flagella
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