neon to 0 K (this will take a while). a) The atoms are … A) not moving. B) vibrating about a fixed position. C) sliding past each other. D) moving independently around the container. b) Is this physically possible (think Third Law of Thermodynamics)? No c) Go up to the tab that says “teacher” and change the temperature scale from Kelvin to Celsius. According to this 0 K = ___-273__ºC. Change the scale back to Kelvin. d) Notice the pattern of the atoms relative to each other. This pattern can best
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Short Notes On Atomic Structure * Atom is the smallest particle of an element- All 117 elements has atoms * Bohr model: - Planetary model (see Figure 1 below) 1. Sun (proton & neutron= nucleus) 2. Planets (electrons) 3. Orbit (shell) Figure 1: Bohr model * Each type of atoms has a certain number of electrons and protons that differentiate it from the atoms of other elements Example: 1 proton 1 electron= Hydrogen (1 type elements) 2
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involves the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. A compound is made when two or more atoms form a chemical bond‚ linking them together. The two types of bonds are ionic bonds and covalent bonds. In an ionic bond‚ the atoms are bound together by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. If the electron is shared equally between the atoms forming a covalent bond‚ then the bond is said to be nonpolar. An electron is more attracted to one atom than to another which forming a polar covalent
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Introduction Chemical compounds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms. A stable compound occurs when the total energy of the combination has lower energy than the separated atoms. The bound state implies a net attractive force between the atoms called a chemical bond. The two extreme cases of chemical bonds are the covalent bonds and ionic bonds. Covalent bonds are bonds in which one or more pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms. Covalent bonds‚ in which the sharing of the electron pair is unequal
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Describe the structure of an atom -Proton‚ neutron‚ electron 1b. An atom of calcium contains 20 protons. How many electrons does it have? -20 2b. Compare the structure of carbon-12 and carbon-13 -Carbon-12 has 6 protons‚ 6 electrons and 6 neutrons. Carbon-14 has 6 protons‚ 6 electrons and 8 neutrons. 4a. What are two types of bonds that hold the atoms within a compound together? -Ionic and covalent bonds 4b. A potassium atom easily loses its one electron
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|Atomic Structure | |Subatomic Particle |Charge |Location in an Atom | |Proton |Positive |Nucleus | |Neutron |Neutral
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understanding of chemistry and the properties of water are important aspects of biology. Elements‚ Atoms‚ and Compounds 2.1 Define matter‚ an element‚ a compound‚ and a trace element. 2.2 Explain how and why iodine‚ fluoride‚ and iron are added to the human diet. 2.3 Distinguish between the size‚ location‚ and properties of protons‚ electrons‚ and neutrons. 2.3 Define the atomic number and mass number of an atom. 2.3 Define an isotope and explain what makes some isotopes radioactive. 2.4 Describe
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All matter is made of small invisible particles called atoms. * There are 92 different types of atoms in the universe. * Substances that are made up of one type of atom are called pure elements; therefore there are 92 pure elements in the universe. * Substances made up of more than one type of atom are called mixtures. * Mixtures are made up of groups of atoms called molecules. * Molecules that are made of one type of atom are called simple molecules. Examples: O3 ‚ N2
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Scopes FHSC1114 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 Principle of Chemistry Relative Atomic Masses of atoms & molecules Mass number & atomic number Atomic structure (neutrons‚ protons & electrons) Mole concept & conversion Avogadro’s concept Empirical & molecular formulae Isotopes FHSC1114 Physical Chemistry Centre for Foundation Studies‚ UTAR Objectives To define relative atomic masses of atoms & molecules To define & determine mass no. & atomic no. To determine no. of neutrons‚ protons & electrons
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and cool the neon to 0 K (this will take a while). The atoms are … not moving. vibrating about a fixed position. sliding past each other. moving independently around the container. Is this physically possible (think Third Law of Thermodynamics)? No Go up to the tab that says “teacher” and change the temperature scale from Kelvin to Celsius. According to this 0 K = 273 C. Change the scale back to Kelvin. Notice the pattern of the atoms relative to each other. This pattern can best be described
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