and each atom must have a P orbital so that the electron cloud is not intterupted 2. It must contain an odd number of electron pairs ▪ i.e. the number of electrons must be 4n+2 where n=0‚1‚2‚3‚4……… ▪ so the number of electrons is 2‚6‚10‚14‚18……. ▪ this rule is called the Hückel’s Rule • monocyclic hydrocarbons with alternating single and double bonds are called annulenes • annulenes are named as [n]-annulene‚ where n is the number of carbon atoms in their
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The polarity of water Polarity means that the molecule has both a positively and negatively charged end. More important‚ the polarity of water is responsible for effectively dissolving other polar molecules‚ such as sugars and ionic compounds such as salt. Ionic compounds dissolve in water to form ions. This is important to remember because for most biological reactions to occur‚ the reactants must be dissolved in water. Because water is able to dissolve so many common substances‚ it is known as
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there seemed to be some problems with the interpretation of the data as they were obtained‚ so I thought I’d demonstrate how to do this calculation. Elemental sulfur has a molecular formula of S8 (there are 8 sulfur atoms in a molecule of sulfur‚ just like there are 2 hydrogen atoms in a molecule of hydrogen). So‚ the purpose of this experiment was really just to see how close you could come to this answer. To find the molar mass (and‚ using the atomic mass‚ the molecular formula) for sulfur‚ we
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Abstract: One is to determine the gap energy of cadmium sulfide semiconductor thin film using the equation: Eg = h.c/ is the signal of the long wavelength limit of the absorption peaks (measured in the lab). The reaction between cadmium sulfide and NH3‚ in the presents of thiourea yield a of 579(nm). The % error of the reaction is 1.24%. Introduction: There are 3 types of metals for electricity conducting: metallic conductor‚ semiconductor‚ and superconductor. Metallic conductors
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Casandra De Amicis Biology Review #1 1. The basic unit of structure and function for life is atoms 2. The levels of organization for an organism are: atoms‚ molecules‚ cell‚ tissue‚ organ‚ organ system‚ organisms‚ population‚ community‚ ecosystems‚ and biosphere 3. The characteristics of living organisms are; a. Life is organized b. Life uses materials and energy c. Life reproduces d. Life is homeostatic 4. The major driving force behind evolution is; natural selection (brings about adaptation
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electron pairs between two atoms. Translation: -Ionic bonding happens between a metal and a non-metal (east coast and west coast) -One atom completely donates its valence electrons to another atom -Metals become CATIONS (positive charge/oxidation state); Non-metals become ANIONS (negative charge/oxidation state) Example: Na + Cl → Na+Cl- or Mg + O → Mg2+O2- -In covalent bonding one atom completely shares its valence electrons with another atom (west coast and west coast)
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correct answer is: electrons. Question 2 of 20 The structural unit that retains the properties of an element is the molecule. atom. cell. electron. 5 out of 5 Correct!! Question 3 of 20 Which of the following are found in the nucleus of an atom? Protons Neutrons Electrons A and B 0 out of 5 The correct answer is: A and B Question 4 of 20 The component of an atom or molecule that is most important in determining its chemical properties is the isotope. neutron. electron. proton. 0
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the beam by the pole. T = 392 N‚ H = 339 N‚ V = 0 6. A water molecule consists of an oxygen atom with two hydrogen atoms bound to it as shown in Figure 5. The bonds are 0.100 nm in length‚ and the angle between the two bonds is 106°. Use the coordinate axes shown‚ and determine the location of the center of gravity of the molecule. Take the mass of an oxygen atom to be 16 times the mass of a hydrogen atom. x = 6.69 x 10-3 mm‚ y = 0 7. A constant torque
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positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge. The name proton was given to the hydrogen nucleus by Ernest Rutherford in 1920. The concept of a hydrogen-like particle as a constituent of other atoms was developed over a long period. As early as 1815‚ William Proust proposed that all atoms are composed of hydrogen atoms‚ based on a simplistic interpretation of early values of atomic weights ‚ which was disproved when more accurate values were measured. In 1886‚ Eugene Goldstein discovered canal rays and
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binding of the electron with its hole; as a result‚ the exciton has slightly less energy than the unbound electron and hole. The wavefunction of the bound state is hydrogenic (an "exotic atom" state akin to that of a hydrogen atom). However‚ the binding energy is much smaller and the size much bigger than a hydrogen atom because of the effects of screening and the effective mass of the constituents in the material. Excitons can be treated in two limiting cases‚ which depend on the properties of the material
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