Objective: Learning how to Prepare Buffers of Various pH levels and Preparation of Acetate Buffer. Introduction A buffer is a solution having the capacity to resist changes in pH levels. Mostly a buffer consists of a weak acid and a salt of strong base or a weak base and a conjugate salt of strong acid e.g. acetate buffer is the most common buffer in which equimolar mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate solution is used. CH3COOH CH3 COO - + H+ CH3COONa CH3COO - + Na+ Buffers are
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Polish the zinc strip using steel wool and then determine its mass. Allow the strip to sit in lead acetate for approximately an hour and observe the changes in the zinc strip. The zinc starts to accumulate particulate matter (lead particles) on its surface. This is cause by the chemical reaction that occurs between the lead acetate and the zinc strip. The strip is then rinsed in water and acetate and then dried. The particles of lead are scraped off the strip and dried thoroughly and then weighed
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CHEM 3152-003 Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation and Gas Chromatography Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to separate a mixture of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and toluene by using the method of fractional distillation and to analyze the fractions using gas chromatography (GC). ethyl acetate toluene Distillation is a method known as separating or purifying a liquid or mixture by vaporization and condensation. In a simple distillation‚ the liquids being separated boil below 150 0C
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utilized in chemical castration are cyproterone acetate‚ medroxyprogesterone‚
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how much they resist changes to pH. This is accomplished by having ten graduated beakers: two containing pure water‚ two with .1 M Sodium Chloride‚ two with 1 gram of solid sodium acetate dissolved in acetic acid‚ two with 5 grams of solid sodium acetate dissolved in acetic acid‚ and two with 10 grams of solid sodium acetate dissolved in acetic acid. These are split into two groups of five containing one of each solution. The pH of each solution is then measured and a pipette is used to distribute 1
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Figure 3 Superoxide radical scavenging activity. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 3). ABL‚ lyophilized aqueous extract of A. bilimbi fruits; ABP‚ petroleum ether fraction of ABL; ABE‚ ethyl acetate fraction of ABL; ABB‚ butanol fraction of ABL; ABW‚ aqueous fraction of ABL; QU‚ quercetin. 3.3.5 Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity Lyophilized aqueous extract of Averrhoa bilimbi fruits (ABL) and its different solvent fractions exhibited a dose dependent inhibition of nitric oxide radicals. The IC50
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Experiment 19: Fischer Esterification‚ Conclusion The objective in this experiment was to efficiently perform an Fischer esterification of 1-butanol and acetic acid to form water and n-butyl acetate‚ and to confirm the esterification using IR spectroscopy analysis. It was found that 0.734 grams of n-butyl acetate was formed with a percent yield of 61%. The product was confirmed using IR spectroscopy and boiling point confirmation. The reaction mechanism for this specific reaction was as follows: First
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from the acid; the principal source of the acetate ion is from the salt. Therefore‚ the [H3O+] is determined by the salt/acid (or equivalently‚ the base/acid) mole ratio. For a conjugate acid/base pair: pH = pKa + log10 [nconjugate base] [nacid] On the other hand‚ the salt‚ sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2)‚ is essentially 100% dissociated into the constituent hydrated ions in a dilute aqueous solution. Sodium acetate solutions are basic because the acetate ion (the conjugate base of acetic acid) behaves
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Results and Discussions Cbes-AXE2 encodes a novel acetyl xylan esterase The CAZy database has grouped esterases acting on carbohydrates into 16 different families of carbohydrate esterases (CEs). AXEs (EC 3.1.1.72) acting on acetylated xylan are distributed in only 8 families – CE1-7 and 16. Among these‚ other than CE4‚ all other CEs belong to serine esterase and have the prototype catalytic triad Ser-His-Asp (Glu). Genralyy‚ the catalytic serine of the triad lies in a conserved motif of either
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Using orange (Citrus sinensis) as an airfreshener Review of related literature: Octyl acetate Octyl acetate‚ or octyl ethanoate‚ is an ester that is formed from octanol (octyl alcohol) and acetic acid. It is mostly found in oranges and other citrus products. Octyl acetate can be synthesized by a condensation reaction: C8H17OH + CH3COOH → C10H20O2 + H2O Uses Because of its fruity odor‚ octyl acetate is used as the basis for artificial flavors and in perfumery. It is also as a solvent for
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