redox titration. The method used is iodine-thiosulfate titration. It is a very useful method‚ since the iodide ion‚ I-‚ is easily oxidized by almost any oxidizing agent. The analysis takes place in a series of steps as follows: 1. A diluted sample of the bleach will be allowed to react with potassium iodide in acidic solution. The iodide ion will be oxidized to iodine while the hypochlorite ion will be reduced to chloride (Equation 1). 2 H+(aq) + OCl-(aq) + 2 I-(aq) ! Cl-(aq) + I2(aq) + H2O(l)
Free Oxidizing agent Sodium Iodine
important for plant fertilizers since potassium helps plant growth. The metal halides form white ionic crystalline solids. They are all soluble in water except LiF because of a high lattice enthalpy due to the electrostatic attraction between Li+ and F- ions. All halogens are quite reactive‚ and in the natural world they always occur combined with other elements. Fluorine reacts so readily with almost any substance it contacts that chemists were not successful in isolating pure fluorine until. Chlorine
Premium Chlorine Sodium chloride Periodic table
halogen atom becomes a halide ion. | | | | Some typical nucleophiles are the hydroxy group (−OH)‚ the alkoxy group (RO−)‚ and the cyanide ion (−C N). Reaction of these nucleophiles with an alkyl halide (R—X) gives the following reactions and products: | | | | The halogen ion that is displaced from the carbon atom is called the leaving group‚ and the overall reaction is called a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Procedure: 1. Sodium Iodide in Acetone. Acetone‚ with
Premium Nucleophile Ethanol Ion
throughout the procedure are outlined below: Mn2+ + 2OH– + 1/2 O2 oxygen-manganese complex + H2O (1) oxygen-manganese complex + 4H+ + 2I– I2 + Mn2+ + 2H2O (2) I2 + 2Na2S2O3 Na2S4O6 + 2NaI (3) Addition of the manganous sulfate and the alkaline-iodide results in the formation of an insoluble oxygen-manganese complex (1)‚ the precipitate in step 2. The oxygen is stable in this form for several days. Both the
Premium Iodine Oxygen Water
completely dry. Later the dried substance along with a colored solution ‚ the grey solid leftover‚ white product in H2O‚ standard zinc metal‚ standard iodine solid‚ standard zinc Iodide dissolved in water and standard zinc ion- Iodide ion- Iodine- Triiodide ion in H2O were tested for Iodine(I2)‚ Iodide‚ Triiodide‚ Zinc ion(Zn 2+) and Zinc metal. Then we dissolved some of the white substance with deionized water and made an electrolysis apparatus with a 9.38V battery. We then dried the rest of
Premium Chemistry Water Solution
bisulfite as collision theory stated that more molecules present in a given volume meant a greater chance they would collide. Furthermore‚ the time was expected to decrease with higher temperatures as it influenced the reactant particles by raising their kinetic energy. However‚ the data collected from this experiment only partially supported this hypothesis. Although there was a general decrease in the reaction time when increasing the concentration of KIO3‚ 0.15M concentrations resulted in times of 45.77
Premium Chemical reaction Reaction rate Chemistry
When ionic solids dissolve‚ they divide to give their positive and negative ions that make up the solids. These ions become hydrates and have the same relative proportions when in solution and when solid. The more the solid dissolves‚ the more the ion’s concentration increases. This increase and build-up allows for the reverse reaction to occur. In this phase of the reaction the ions crystallise out in order for the reaction to have a greater chance of occurring. Eventually the rate of
Premium Solubility
References: Heitz.‚ M(2005) General Chemistry: An Integrated Approach‚ Chapter 16: More Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions: Slightly Soluble Salts and Complex Ions‚ 4th Edition‚ Prentice Hall‚ Inc.‚ State University of New York. pp. 715-718 Housecroft‚ C.E. & Constable‚ E.C. (2006)‚ Introduction to spectroscopy‚ in Chemistry‚ 3rd Edition‚ Pearson Education‚ England. pp. 951-970 Silberberg‚ M.S. (2006)‚ Chemistry:
Premium Sodium chloride Ammonia PH
describe the sampling technique for the analysis of DO in water sample. In the Winkler method‚ or Iodometry‚ the dissolved oxygen is made to react with Iodide ion to yield Iodine which will be titrated afterwards with thiosulfate. Iodine is a moderately strong oxidizing agent making it useful for titrating strong reducing agents like dissolved oxygen. Iodide ion‚ on the other hand‚ is a weak reducing agent‚ and is the basis of determining the amount of the strong oxidizing agents like the oxygen in the sample
Premium Iodine Oxidizing agent Oxygen
iodometry‚ where iodine “is produced in-situ from the quantitative oxidation of iodide and then subsequently titrated with thiosulfate solution‚”2 being the difference from the former type of iodine titration. Iodometry is more widely used‚ as in this experiment‚ because there are only a few strong reducing agents; thus few iodometric determinations. (2) As mentioned earlier‚ iodometry involves the oxidation of iodide ion; it is added in excess to the oxidizing agent being determined. This would result
Free Oxidizing agent Iodine