carbonate‚ which is a key reactant in photosynthesis. However it is also expected that the rate of photosynthesis should plateau with greater amounts of NaHCO3‚ because the Cobomba plant will not be able to use all the extra‚ available CO2 as it’s enzymes physically do not have the ability to do so. Background Information: When dissolved in water‚ NaHCO3 produces carbon dioxide gas: . As can be seen in the equation for photosynthesis‚ carbon dioxide is a reactant in photosynthesis: 6 CO2 +
Free Carbon dioxide
1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY 1 UNIT 1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY After studying this unit‚ you will be able to • understand and appreciate the role of chemistry in different spheres of life; • explain the characteristics of three states of matter; • classify different substances into elements‚ compounds and mixtures; • define SI base units and list some commonly used prefixes; • use scientific notations and perform simple mathematical operations on numbers;
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Reactions strive to attain equilibrium or stability. In kinetics‚ stability is attained when the rate of formation of the products is equivalent to the rate of reactant re-formation. Rate is determined by the rate expression‚ r=k[A]x‚ where A is the reactant‚ x the order of reaction with respect to the reactant and also to the coefficient of the reactant if it is an elementary reaction‚ and k‚ the rate constant. In equilibrium‚ there is an equilibrium constant determined by kf[A]x=kr[B]y‚ which is equivalent
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chemical reaction were used in the next reaction. The process starts with a solid copper wire dissolved in nitric acid and the end product is copper powder. The product which was used from the previous reaction is the limiting. In the initial step‚ the solid copper is the limiting reactant. For this experiment‚ the materials that will be used are copper wire‚ aluminum wire‚ six molar nitric acid‚ sodium hydroxide‚ six molar hydrochloric acid‚ a vacuum filtration apparatus‚ and ice. Experimental Procedures:
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Worked solutions to student book questions Chapter 2 Analysis by mass Q1. a b Why was the soup sample in Worked Example 2.1 heated to 110°C? Why was it necessary to weigh the sample four times? A1. a b The soup was heated above 100°C to evaporate water from the sample. By repeatedly heating the sample until the mass remained unchanged‚ the analyst could be sure that all the water had been removed. Q2. Some laboratories use microwave ovens in place of conventional ovens to
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Preliminary Experiment (4% yeast concentration) Hydrogen peroxide volume – 5 cm3 Water Volume -0 cm3 Concentration Volume- 20 vols Time in Seconds Volume of O2 (cm3) Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Average 30 95 94 94.5 60 100 100 100 90 100 100 100 120 100 100 100 150 100 100 100 180 100 100 100 Modifications The results from my preliminary experiment show that 100 cm3 of oxygen has been produced in the first 30 seconds.. This reaction is far too quick and will prevent me from analysing
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Swimming pool eei Swimming pool eei Viet Vu Yr. 12 Chemistry Viet Vu Yr. 12 Chemistry Table of Contents Aim 2 Hypothesis 2 Background and Theory Review 2 Swimming Pools 2 Equilibrium (dynamic‚ static‚ Le Chatelier’s Principle) 2 pH 4 Chlorine 5 Equilibrium Constant 6 Wavelengths and UV Rays 6 Rationale 7 Materials and Method 8 Results 14
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reactions that go to completion. Inherent in these familiar problems—such as calculation of theoretical yield‚ limiting reactant‚ and percent yield—is the assumption that the reaction can consume all of one or more reactants to produce products. In fact‚ most reactions do not behave this way. Instead‚ reactions reach a state where‚ after mixing the reactants‚ a stable mixture of reactants and products is produced. This mixture is called the equilibrium state; at this point‚ chemical reaction occurs
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1. What is the molarity of a solution of ammonium chloride prepared by diluting 50.00 mL of a 3.79 M NH4Cl solution to 2.00 L? 2. A student takes a sample of KOH stock solution and dilutes it with 100.0 mLof water. The student determines that the diluted solution is 0.046 M KOH‚ but has forgotten to record the volume of the original stock solution sample. The concentration of the stock solution is 2.09 M. What was the volume of the original sample of stock solution? 3. A chemist wants to prepare
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Forming Methyl Orange an Azo Die Abstract: An synthetic azo dye was created by reaction of diazonium salt with N‚N-Dimethylanaline. The final product created was 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-4-sulfonic acid‚ an orange clay-like substance. Sulfanilic acid was chemically manipulated by using sodium carbonate followed by cooled sodium nitrate and hydrochloric acid to form the diazonium salt used in the reaction. The products were washed in ethanol. The product was obtained at an 84% yield and was
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