three important concepts. The first is that a compound is always more soluble in hot solvents than in cold solvents. Secondly‚ molecules have unique solubility properties. Lastly‚ a growing crystal will only accept similar entities into its lattice. This is related to the crystal lattice theory which states crystal formation is anti-entropic based on the equation ∆G =∆H-T∆S. There are three stages of solubility: collision‚ dissociation‚ and solvation. In order to raise the probability of collision
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C hapter 1 MATTER IN IN OUR SURROUNDINGS As we look at our surroundings‚ we see a large variety of things with different shapes‚ sizes and textures. Everything in this universe is made up of material which scientists have named “matter”. The air we breathe‚ the food we eat‚ stones‚ clouds‚ stars‚ plants and animals‚ even a small drop of water or a particle of sand– each thing is matter. We can also see as we look around that all the things mentioned above occupy space‚ that is
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If you own glass vases you will want to make sure that they stay clean and Glass Vases 3sparkly. Over a period of time even a crystal glass vase can get dirty and pretty soon it will get foggy and less transparent. Instead of being able to appreciate the beauty within you’ll only be seeing dirt stuck to the glass surface. To prevent this‚ here are three different ways you can keep your glass vase clean. A Little Salt and Vinegar Vinegar is a very potent acid so you’ll need a little salt to dilute
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INDEX S. No. | Title | 1. | Introduction | 2. | Company Background | 3. | Product (Description and Cost Analysis) | 4. | Statistics | 5. | Focus Groups | 6. | Strengths and Weaknesses | 7. | Recommendations | 8. | Conclusion | 9. | References | INTRODUCTION * Written By:- William A. Preshing Denise Walters. * Organization:- Tanner Company. * Product:- THERM-EZE. * Primary Focus:- Segmentation‚ Targeting‚ Positioning. * Secondary Focus:-
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laboratory. Crystallization is based on the principles of solubility: compounds (solutes) tend to be more soluble in hot liquids (solvents) than they are in cold liquids. If a saturated hot solution is allowed to cool‚ the solute is no longer soluble in the solvent and forms crystals of pure compound. Impurities are excluded from the growing crystals and the pure solid crystals can be separated from the dissolved impurities by filtration. (orgchem.colorado.edu) A desirable solvent for crystallization
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p. 8 1. How was the first quasicrystal discovered? - The quasicrystal was discovered while Daniel Shechtman was experimenting on a chilled molten mixture of aluminium and manganese which revealed a 10-fold symmetry. 2. Compare crystals and quasicrystals. - the crystal‚ the patterns are tightly packed‚ they have no space in between‚ and look the same in whatever angle. And the quasicrystal‚ the atoms exhibit a regular pattern‚ but the pattern is not repeated. 3. What are the uses of quasicrystals
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| Chemistry Lab Report | Constructing Heating/Cooling Curve | | Salman Ishaq 12-E | 1/27/2013 | | BACKGROUND As energy flows from a liquid‚ its temperature drops. The entropy‚ or random ordering of its particles‚ also decreases until a specific ordering of the particles results in a phase change to a solid. If energy is being released or absorbed by a substance remaining at the same temperature‚ this is evidence that a dramatic change in entropy‚ such as a phase change‚ is occurring. Because
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the same melting point. 8. Increased intermolecular hydrogen bonding does increase the melting point. It causes the boiling point to be elevated since the molecules are more attracted to each other and thus require more energy to break from the liquid phase. 9. Physical constants |
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liquefaction (condensation) of a gas‚ which is the result of a number of molecules being pressed together to produce forces of attraction high enough to give a liquid structure. Cohesion in liquids is reflected in the surface tension caused by the unbalanced inward pull on the surface molecules‚ and also in the transformation of a liquid into a solid state when the molecules are brought sufficiently close together. Cohesion in solids depends on the pattern of distribution of atoms‚ molecules‚ and
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QUINTANA Date performed: NOV. 12‚ 2012 Section: C-1L Date submitted: NOV. 21‚ 2012 Group Number: 3 Exercise No. 2 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES (Full Report) I. INTRODUCTION Colligative properties In liquid solutions‚ particles are close together and the solute molecules or ions disrupt intermolecular forces between the solvent molecules‚ causing changes in those properties of the solvent that depend in intermolecular attraction. For example‚ the freezing
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