INSTITUTIONS AS A FUNDAMENTAL CAUSE OF LONG-RUN GROWTH DARON ACEMOGLU 1 ‚ Department of Economics‚ MIT‚ 50 Memorial Drive E52-3806‚ Cambridge‚ MA 02142 e-mail: damn@mit.edu SIMON JOHNSON Sloan School o f h f a ~ g e m e n t ‚ MIT‚ 50 Memorial Drive‚ Cambridge‚ MA 02142 e-mail: sjohnson@mit.edu JAMES A. ROBINSON Deparhnent of Government‚ WCFIA‚ Harvard University‚ 1033 Massachusetts Avenue‚ Cambridge‚ MA 02138 e-mail: jmbinson@gov.harvard.edu Contents Abstract Keywords 1. Introduction
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The malevolent utilization of unrestricted submarine warfare by the German navy was unequivocally a breach of the rules of war. In early 1915‚ Germany controversially declared the waters surrounding Britain a war zone and threatened to sink all merchant ships approaching Britain even those from neutral countries. It was irrational to believe neutral countries would halt trade with Britain as that would result in huge economic losses. Several merchant ships including the British ship Lusitania were
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“Scorched earth. Abandoned farms. Skies black with dust. Houses buried under great dunes of earth. Decades after the drought and depression of the 1930s ended‚ images of the Dust Bowl are still familiar to millions of people worldwide” (Wesson.) That is what a normal day during the 1930’s was like. Back then people farmed to get their profit‚ especially in the southern plains of the U.S. People’s lives revolved around farming. If they didn’t get their crops planted on time‚ there wouldn’t be food
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dangers 5. Fighting and combat 6. Keeping in touch 7. Important events in ww1 8. Bibliography Equipment and kit Gasmask-these were used to protect soldiers form gas attacks Bayonet- a long blade that fits onto the end of a rifle Haversack- a type of backpack used to carry essential Helmet- a hat to protect the soldiers head Rifle- a long gun used to for shooting enemy Eating tin- what the soldiers eat out of Puttees-material
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Countries in secret agreements with one another had major cause and affect on World War I‚ as it was already main cause leading to the war. Allied countries were created even before the war had begun. Austria-Hungary‚ Germany and Italy were allied together many years before the war. This alliance is known as the Triple Alliance. However‚ the Triple Alliance wasn’t always triple‚ for at a time there were only two countries. Germany and Austria-Hungary were already allies by 1879 when their concern
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Weapons: There were different kinds of weapons used in WW1. Firstly‚ there was the rifle and it was a bolt-action rifle. It was the most used gun by the soldiers in the trenches. 15 rounds altogether could be fired in a minute and a person that was standing 1400-1500 metres away could possibly be killed by it so this shows how powerful it was. Also‚ another weapon that was frequently used was machine guns. A disadvantage to them was that they needed 4-6 men to use them so this could be
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On June 28th‚ during 1914‚ a young Serbian named Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This assassination was the major cause and spark of World War One. Unrestricted submarine warfare was first introduced in World War I in early 1914‚ when Germany declared the area around the British Isles a war zone‚ in which all merchant ships‚ including those from neutral countries‚ would be attacked by the German navy. World War I was an intense war that lasted from 1914-1918. Germany was sinking
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Prohibition was not a noble experiment. Though well-intentioned‚ it was badly applied‚ and had many negative consequences. People suffered in many ways due to its unforeseen effects- people lost their jobs‚ lost money‚ and many even died of alcohol poisoning from tainted products sold on the black market. Prohibition also overcrowded jails and clogged up our justice system with nonviolent offenders- ensuring that violent criminals’ cases wouldn’t be processed with the proper attention to detail and
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Two major causes of WWI were militarism and nationalism. WWI began in 1914 and lasted 4 long years. Many countries especially those with an Empire‚ enrolled in the war. It was between two alliances‚ fixed together. With militarism‚ which is the love and pride of one’s country and its military power‚ European countries started producing more powerful weapons for future conflicts. This soon enough started an arms race which was spread all throughout Europe because each country wanted surpass each other
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the biggest army‚ and it was the best trained and most powerful out of all armies involved in World War One. However Britain‚ being completely surrounded by water‚ had large powerful navy helped to keep the empire safe. Also‚ it wasn’t until after WW1 that Air Force really played its part‚ as planes were still rather early in development and could not fly from country to country and accurately bomb a target. All the countries began a "contest" for who was the best by doing all that stuff. They
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