Evaluation of antidiabetic and antimicrobial activity of jasminum grandiflorum leaves INTRODUTION 1.1. The pancreas and insulin formation The pancreas is an elongated organ situated next to the first part of the small intestine. It is both an endocrine gland that produces hormones‚ such as insulin and glucagon‚ and an exocrine gland producing digestive enzymes‚ such as trypsin and chymotrypsin (Martini‚ 2004). It is located behind the stomach‚ between the spleen and the duodenum (see Figure
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2) 3) What product results when an aldol is dehydrated? A) β-diketone B) β-ketoester C) conjugated alkyne D) β‚γ-unsaturated aldehyde E) α‚β-unsaturated aldehyde 3) 4) Which of the following will react most slowly with an enamine? A) methyl bromide B) allyl bromide C) acetyl chloride D) isopropyl chloride E) benzyl chloride 4) 5) What type of product results when 3-pentanone reacts with dimethylamine? A) enolate B) enol C) enamine D) imine 5) E) amide 6) The rel
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aspirin Background theory Making my own sample of Salicylic acid (to then be converted into Aspirin) Salicylic acid (2-Hydroxybenzoic acid) can be made by hydrolysing methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. Oil of wintergreen is 98% methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate and is what I used as my starting chemical. The structure of methyl-2-hydroxybenzoate is shown on the right‚ and is an ester as it has the functional group –COO-. Hydrolysing esters involves splitting them into carboxylic acids or their salts and
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whether a chemical change occurs when Sodium Benzoate is acidified to Benzoic Acid. Theory: (2 points) Sodium Benzoate is a common food preservative found in jellies‚ jams‚ sodas‚ fruit juices‚ etc... Its acid‚ Benzoic Acid‚ is an organic preservative that stops the growth of bacteria‚ yeasts‚ and molds. Reaction: (3 points) Reaction: sodium benzoate + hydrochloric acid ( benzoic acid + sodium chloride Amounts: 2.00 g Sodium benzoate‚ 5.0 mL 3M hydrochloric acid
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PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM KARANJA OIL BY TRANSESTERIFICATION INTRODUCTION Majority of the worlds energy needs are supplied through petrochemical sources‚ coal and natural gases‚ with the exception of hydroelectricity and nuclear energy. All these sources are finite and at current rate of usage these will be consumed shortly. The high energy demand in the industrialized world as well as in the domestic sector and pollution problems caused due to the widespread use of fossil fuels make it
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of phenylthiocarbamide‚ an organic compound used in genetics‚ and the ability and response of the tasting sodium benzoate paper‚ a food preservative. It is claimed that there is a direct relationship between the genes that control the tasting abilities of these two substances‚ primarily that if you had the ability to taste PTC‚ you would have a specific taste response for sodium benzoate‚ as well. After the experiment results were analyzed‚ it was determined that there is no direct correlation between
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Student Number Mark / 100 2011 TRIAL HSC EXAMINATION Chemistry General Instructions • • • • • • • Reading time – 5 minutes Working time – 3 hours Write using black or blue pen Draw diagrams using pencil Board-approved calculators may be used A data sheet and a Periodic Table are provided. Write your Student Number at the top of this page and those of pages 10 and 11. Total Marks – 100 Section I Pages 2 – 24 Confidential Keep Secure 75 marks This section has two parts‚ Part
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acid (dried from week 1) are taken with MelTemp devices. If you have never used one your instructor will demonstrate. MelTemp C OH O OH H OC H2CH3 H + C OH O + OCH2CH3 + H2O2 Procedure Part A: Esterification of Salicylic Acid with Ethanol 1. Before starting remove a spatulaful (that will be < 0.1 g) of SA (salicylic acid) and place in a labeled plastic vial to use for melting points. 2. In a 100 mL round bottom flask‚ mix at least 5 g dry salicylic
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CH3 Acetic acid Isopentyl alcohol Isopentyl acetate (excess) (alcohol) (ester) (vinegar) Isopentyl acetate is prepared by the direct esterification of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. Since the equilibrium does not favor the formation of the ester‚ it must be shifted to the right‚ in favor of the product ‚ by using an excess of one of the starting materials. Acetic acid is used in excess
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Diacylglycerols TCP FST4826 7 Mono- and Diacylglycerols • Mono- and diacylglycerols are mono- and diesters of fatty acids and glycerol. • Emulsifiers. • They are prepared commercially by the reaction of glycerol and triacylglycerols or by the esterification of glycerol and fatty acids. • Formed in the intestinal tract as a result of the normal digestion of triacylglycerols. • Very minor amounts in both animal fats and vegetable oils.
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