al Chain Reactions: Bromination of Arenes Introduction The purpose of the bromination of arenes was to determine the different reactivities of different hydrocarbons with different hydrogen atoms when reacted with bromine under free-radical substitution. The time it took for the bromine color to disappear was used to determine the order of reactivity of the different hydrocarbons. Data and Results The data of the 10 hydrocarbon tubes and the 2 control tubes with bromine and dichloromethane in
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Callam 1/8 CHEM – 254 – WI -2009 Problem Set #1 – IR Spectroscopy - KEY 1. Which of the indicated bonds absorbs at the higher frequency in an IR spectrum? a. O or OH C=O > C-O b. N or NH C=N > C-N c. H or H C-H sp2 > C-H sp3 Callam 2/8 CHEM – 254 – WI -2009 2. What major IR absorptions are present above 1500 cm-1 for each compound? a. b. O sp3 C-H stretch 2950 C=O - ketone 1715 cm-1 cm-1 c. O sp3 C-H stretch 2950 cm-1 sp3 C-H stretch 2950 cm-1
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Identifying an Unknown Aldehyde or Ketone Introduction The purpose of this lab is to identify an unknown aldehyde or ketone substance using chemical tests. The chemical tests used in this experiment are solubility‚ Schiff‚ Bisulfite‚ and Iodoform tests. Also‚ a 2‚4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative synthesis reaction will be completed from which a melting point will be obtained. The chemical test results and the melting point analysis will be compared to the table of compounds given to find the
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Determining substances contained in a mixture using qualitative analysis Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to determine the substances contained in a random mixture using qualitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is the analysis of a substance in order to ascertain the nature of its chemical constituents (Qualitative analysis). The substances that could be found were iron‚ cinnamon‚ corn starch‚ baby powder‚ copper‚ and strontium. A magnetism test was used to determine whether iron or
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Based on the spectra generated by C5H12O‚ the identity of the compound was 2-pentanol. The first step in identifying the compound was finding the degree of unsaturation. For C5H12O‚ the degree of unsaturation was zero‚ which means that the compound only has single bonds. Knowing that there were only single bonds led to the assumption that the O in the compound was either an alcohol or an ether. The IR spectrum helped in determining which functional group was present. The peak that determined the
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What is it meant by relative formula mass? How is it calculated using the periodic table? Each element has a relative atomic mass. When a compound is made‚ these relative atomic masses are added together to calculate the relative formula mass of the substance. For example the atomic mass of Na is 23 and the atomic mass of Cl is 35.5 so the relative formula mass of NaCl is 58.5 How by using RFM is it possible to work out amounts of a substance in terms of moles? The compound I was using in my
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Based on calculations #7 made above for solving the molecular weight‚ it was identified that the unknown liquid was Butanoic acid: 88.1g/mol. Since the calculated value was 83.5 g/mol‚ it was assumed that Butanoic acid was the only solute out of all that were listed that shared a similar value. In reference to the results and data used for calculation the molecular weight (MW) for the unknown was successfully proven to match the accepted value of 88.1 g/mol. More specifically‚ this was evident due
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ganiceWorksheet 3: Organic molecules This section will dealt with the main organic molecules in living things: carbohydrates‚ fats ( lipids )‚ proteins and nucleic acids. A) Web site name: Florida State College Jacksonville Web URL: http://web.fscj.edu/David.Byres/foodfiles.htm Read “Carbohydrates” 1) What does the body use carbohydrates for? One of the main jobs of carbohydrates is to provide fuel for the body to do its job. So if we want to run or walk somewhere or play sports or even
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Adhesion How does temperature change affect surface tension? As the temperature of a liquid increases‚ its surface tension decreases. When water heats up‚ the movement of its molecules disrupts the imbalanced forces on the surface of the water and weakens its sheet-like barrier of tightly bound molecules‚ thereby lowering the surface tension. This is why hot water is more effective when cleaning; its low surface tension allows it to more easily penetrate the fibers of a material like fabric
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Ellen Grant Honors Bio I Organic Compounds Problems and Objectives: The purpose of this lab was to select the suitable test for an organic molecule and define the safe process for that test. An organic molecule is normally found in or produced by living systems. (Unknown Author‚ 2014‚ www.biology-online.org/organic_molecule)In this lab one was supposed to infer the results of the test and be able to identify if major biomolecules are present. You were to analyze a variety of tests including
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