Study guide Exam 1 Ch 1-5 CH 1 Overview‚ what is evolution‚ what is biology‚ what is life Evolution scientific explanation for: the unity and diversity we see in various organisms the suitability of organisms to their environments is evolution Hierarchy – molecules‚ cells‚ tissue‚ organ‚ organisms‚ populations‚ communities‚ ecosystem‚ biosphere Emergent properties – zooming from molecular level out to see function Reductionism (complex to simple) and Systems Biology (dynamic) Organisms
Premium Atom Molecule Acid
1. Cellulose‚ starch‚ and glycogen are very similar‚ yet very different. Describe the process by which each of these molecules is formed. Why does the subtle difference in how the simple sugar monomers are bonded in starch and cellulose affect how the two molecules are used? Cellulose is built from glucose molecules bonded covalently together through a process known as hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a molecule of water is added to a substance. Each alternating glucose
Premium Protein Bacteria Glucose
macromolecules? What is a monomer? What is a polymer? What is polymerization? 2.- A macromolecule is a very large molecule commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits. In biochemistry‚ the term is applied to the three conventional biopolymers (nucleic acids‚ proteins‚ and carbohydrates)‚as well as non-polymeric molecules with large molecular mass such as lipids and macrocycles. The individual constituent molecules of polymeric macromolecules are called monomers (mono=single‚ meros=part
Free DNA RNA
viruses‚ and controls cell health and function. Nucleic acids are composed of polymers and monomers‚ which are referred to as nucleotides. There are four different types of nucleotides that make up the structure of DNA‚ which are abbreviated A‚ C‚ T‚ and G. Covalent bonds join together nucleotides through sugar and phosphate. Polynucleotides‚ or a polymer nucleotide‚ which tends to be longer than a monomer nucleotide‚ contains many variations of arrangements of A‚ C‚ T‚ and G. 2. How does
Premium DNA Gene Genetics
similarly to carbon and hydrogen‚ silicon and oxygen form numerous compounds. They are commonly known as silicates An Example - Beach sand is a good example for a mixture of silicates. Polymer - A large molecule made up of chains or rings of linked monomer units. Polymers usually have high melting and boiling points. An example - Examples of Polymer would be PVC (poly vinyl chloride)‚ polystyrene‚ and cellulose. Liquid crystal – A liquid having certain crystalline characteristic‚ especially differntoptical
Premium Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon
to evolve cells from inorganic precursors 1. Abiotic synthesis of simple organic molecules (monomers) a. PROBLEM: Early scientists assumed that organic molecules are formed only by organic life b. SOLUTION: inorganic chemistry found to create organic compounds 1. Miller/ Urey experiments 2. Hydrothermal vents 3. Extraterrestrial origins? 2. Monomers to polymers a. PROBLEM: Complex polymers are generally created via organic enzymatic processes
Premium Photosynthesis Protein Oxygen
interact with other molecules. 11. How do you build a polymer? How do you breakdown a polymer? Build by dehydration from monomers and take out wather‚ break down by hydrolysis add water to form monomers 12. Know the 4 major macromolecules. Here are some important things you should know from each category. a. Carbohydrates- Glucose‚ alpha-glucose-starch‚ beta-glucose-cellulose‚ monomer: monosaccharides‚ polymer:
Premium Protein Adenosine triphosphate Cell
domains (reviewed in refs. 1–5). The aliphatic domain (aliphatic suberin) consists of a glycerol-based fatty acid derived polyester that‚ on trans-esterification‚ releases small amounts of p-hydroxycinnamic acid (mainly ferulic) together with aliphatic monomers and glycerol.6 The aromatic domain is a lignin-like polymer of oxydatively cross-linked phenolics.7 Generally‚ but not always‚ suberin contains a certain amount of soluble lipids or waxes embedded into the aliphatic polymer matrix.8‚9 Suberin and
Premium Cell wall
Lab #4 The Synthesis of Organic Polymers CHM2123‚ Section C October 21‚ 2014 Introduction: Organic polymers are macromolecules that are composed of smaller molecules called monomers. There are two main groups of polymers: natural polymers and unnatural (synthetic) polymers. Natural polymers include proteins such as cellulose and starch and are a necessity for our existence. On the other hand‚ synthetic polymers such as the polycarbonate in our lab goggles
Premium Polymer Solvent
HOMEMADE BOUNCY POLYMER An Entry for the 2009 DIVISION SCIENCE FAIR TEAM CATEGORY CHINKEE MAE M. ALANZALON Grade VI – Jose Rizal DAN ALFONSO VALENTIN V. SORIA TRISHA KATE E. GENERAL Grade V – E. Aguinaldo Researchers Mr. MARK ANTHONY R. CUA Research Adviser Marcela Marcelo Elementary School Pasay City October 2009 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION One might think that chemists are a bunch of boring scientists who wear lab coats and look at beakers all day‚ but did you know that many toys you play with
Premium Polymer