A-LEVEL BIOLOGY PAST PAPER 1991-2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I CELL BIOLOGY ………………………………………………………………… 3 FOOD COMPONENTS …………………………………………………………… 9 ENZYME ………………………………………………………………………..… 10 MOVEMENT OF WATER – IN AND OUT OF CELL ………………………. 17 AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION ……………………………………………….….. 19 HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION ………………………………………………. 25 RESPIRATION ………………………………………………………………...…. 28 GASEOUS EXCHANGE ……………………………………………………… 34 CLASSIFICATION …………………………………………………………….…. 35 PART II TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS ………………………………………………
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CHAPTER 1 CRIME THEORY: CRITICAL CRIMINOLOGY There could be different reasons of increasing crimes. One of the obvious reasons is poverty and social injustice. Most of the people engaged in crime either don’t have proper source of income or they are socially discriminated. So the main reason of crime is poverty and social injustice. Most of the places with high poverty and social injustice have high crime rate (Jerry‚ 1995). The most important policy implications that would be most successful
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A Study of the Badu Mangrove Community at Sydney Olympic Park Abstract A investigation took place at a large mangrove community called the ’Badu Mangroves’. The interactions of organisms and the Badu Mangrove ecosystem were observed. While experiments were carried out to determine the abiotic ( e.g. temperature‚ humidity‚ soil pH ) and biotic ( e.g. number of seedlings distributed throughout a certain area‚ adaptations of animals ) features in the Badu Mangrove community. Aim The aim of this
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Evolution Test Notes Giulia Palazzo • THE HARDY- WEINBERG PRINCIPLE: - a mathematical equation created to predict genotype and phenotype frequencies in a population that is not experiencing any selective pressure‚ if model fails evolution must be occurring - Under Mendel’s model‚ the two alleles can be represented by... p + q = 1 (100% of the alleles in the population) where p is the dominant allele and q is the recessive allele - The genotypes can be represented by the equation (p+q)² = p² + 2pq
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Introduction to Biochemistry Biochemistry : a multidisciplinary science that explores the chemistry of living organisms and molecular basis for changes occurring in living cells. Principal areas of Biochemistry 1. Struture and Function of Biomolecules Based on structure depend the function (structure function relationship) Example: Hemoglobin S differs from regular adult hemoglobin (hemoglobin A) by just one single amino acid. A valine replaces a glutamine in the 6th position of the beta
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Tyler Fitzgerald 10/3/08 Science Fair Research Paper The science project to be researched and experimented is whether bacteria can become resistant to antibacterial soaps. Bacteria will be grown in an agar broth containing .01%‚ .1%‚ .5% and 10% antibacterial soap. To fully understand the subject‚ information on everything necessary to conduct this experiment and comprehend the results was researched. Once the experiment is completed a conclusion will be able to be made as to whether
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Bacteria are the most ancient life forms‚ most bacteria are so small that under a light microscope you can only see them as little dots. Some groups however grow to larger sizes and have spectacular shapes (1). Bacteria are present in most habitats on the planet‚ growing in soil‚ water‚ acidic hot springs‚ radioactive waste‚ and deep in the Earth’s crust‚ as well as in organic matter and the live bodies of plants and animals (2). Bacteria is mostly thought of as a pathogen‚ while it is true that
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| |abiotic factor in order to survive? | | |Different species which live closely together and |mutualism | |help each other out exhibit a symbiotic lifestyle |
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G1‚ G2 & G3 // 5.1‚ 5.2‚ 5.3 5.1.1 Define species‚ habitat‚ population‚ community‚ ecosystem and ecology Species: A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile‚ viable offspring Habitat: The environment in which a species normally lives or the location of a living organism Population: A group of organisms of the same species who live in the same area at the same time Community: A group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area Ecosystem: A community
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Table of Content Table of content …………………………………………………………………………………. 2 1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………...…3 1.1 History ……………………………………………………………………………….. 3 1.2 Proton | INSPIRA …………………………………………………………………... 3 1.3 Product Life Cycle [PLC] …………………………………………………………... 4 Introduction Level ………………………………………………………………….. 4 Growth Level ………………………………………………………………………... 5 Maturity Level ……………………………………………………………………..... 5 Decline Level ……………………………………………………………………….. 6 2.0 Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………
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