following: LB Agar Petri dishes Beakers Test tubes CaCl2 solution Sensitive E. coli (-ampR) amp plasmids ampicillin -amp cells Water bath to heat shock cells A freezer to incubate cells Process Step 1: Wash hands and sanitize lab setting. This will prevent anything reacting with a substance that could have been present when it shouldn’t have been. Step 2: Ampicillin sensitive E. coli cells in log phase of growth are transferred to cold CaCl2 solution. Step 3: ampR plasmids are added to experimental
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Powdered calcium carbonate (CaCO3) 3. Metal scoop 4. Marble chips 5. Cold water 6. Hot water 7. Room temperature water 8. 1M hydrochloric acid (HCl) 9. 3 M HCl 10. Iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) 11. Sodium chloride (NaCl) 12. Calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) 13. Potassium nitrate (KNO3) 14. 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution 15. 8 test tubes 16. Test tube rack 17. 3 250mL beakers 18. Alka Seltzer tablet 19. 3 pieces of zinc metal Procedure: Particle size 1. Have two test tubes in the test
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The Synthesis of Alkenes: The Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Adam Ohnmacht CHEM 0330 Scott Caplan 10/30/12 Abstract: In Organic Chemistry‚ many different methods are used to synthesize organic compounds from various components. In this lab‚ cyclohexanol was dehydrated to cyclohexene through an elimination reaction. In order to separate the cyclohexene product from the cyclohexanol starting component‚ previously learned lab techniques such as extractions and simple distillation were used.
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ONE-SCHOOL.NET Short Notes: Form 5 Chemistry Rate or Reaction Calculation Rate of Reaction (Average Rate) Rates of reaction = Quantity change of reactants/products Total time for the reaction If the quantity change is immeasurable Rates of reaction = 1 Total time for the reaction Find the Rate From a Graph Average Rate Rates At an Instant The rate of reaction is equal to the slope of the graph The rate of reaction at an instant‚ t‚ is equal to the of quantity against
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performed by the instructor.) 1. Place a vial of CaCl2 solution and the tube of E. coli in the ice bath. 2. Using a sterile pipet‚ transfer 590µL CaCl2 solution to the tube containing 50µL of the bacteria. 3. Tap the vial with the tip of your index finger to mix the solution. 4. Incubate the cells for at least 10 minutes on ice. The cells are then called competent because they can take up DNA from the medium. If desired‚ the cells can be stored in the CaCl2 solution for 12–24 hours. B. Uptake of DNA
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* DH5α (E. coli). * Plasmid DNA . * LB Broth. * LB ager. * 2 microcentrifuge tubes (1.5 ml) containing 2 drops of sterile CaCl2 and labeled "CaCl2". * 4 sterile plastic pipettes. * 1 aluminum foil packet containing 4 sterile paper clips that are large and smooth. The clips should be opened into a 90o angle and the small end bent to close it. * 1 Sharpie marking pen.
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neutralization reactions including the ability to change can be used in laboratories to clean up after acids or bases have been accidentally spilled on the workbench or floor. Large spill – sand (contain and absorb it) – collect and neutralize later Na2Co3 can be used in excess Wash it away with continuous running water to keep it cool because of corrosive nature of acid/base Consider the circumstances where an acid solution or concentrated acid has been accidentally spilled on the
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for 20-30 minutes. We added (1.5ml) DCM and (1.5ml) water‚ and the tube was shaken until the layers separated. The water layer was removed. This step was repeated and the water was removed again. CaCl2 pellets were added to DCM solution until it longer clumped. The solution was filtered to separted the CaCl2 pellets from DCM. DCM was used to wash pellets before filtering. To the solid in bottom of flask‚ (3ml) of propanol was added‚ heated and cooled. Filteration was tried once more to gain crystals
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Acids & Bases: Reactions‚ Standardizations‚ & Titrations Experiments 21 & 22 Experimental Overview: The procedure for this experiment was carried out as instructed in the laboratory manual‚ Experiments in General Chemistry‚ 4th ed.‚ S.L. Murov‚ Experiment 21‚ Acids and Bases: Reactions and Standardizations‚ and Experiment 22‚ Acids and Bases: Analysis. There were modifications made by the instructor to dilute the 6M NaOH to 0.1M in 300mls
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1.0 Title Determination of Protein Content Using Kjedahl and Titration 2.0 Introduction Proteins are polymers. They are the source of dietary amino acids and are used for growth and maintenance of living systems. They are costlier sources of energy compared to carbohydrates and fats and hence the human body utilizes proteins mainly for biosynthesis rather than as an energy source‚ though the energy yield is 5 kcal/g of protein. Twenty different types of amino acids occur naturally in proteins
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