molecule bonded to the cation. The centre metal ions which from complex ions are also known as cations. To form complex ions‚ cations musts have empty orbitals with low energy such as 3d and 4s orbitals to accept lone pair electrons from ligands. Cations with higer charge attracts ligands more easily. D-block metals with their high charge and empty orbitals have these features. So‚ it can form complex ions readily. Apparatus and Materials: Measuring cylinder‚ suction filter
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positive holes). Band Theory Metals and semiconductors have a unique property that separates them from non-conductive insulators. In metals and insulators‚ the difference between energy orbitals are so small that electrons can be excited from lower energy orbitals to higher energy levels. These small orbital energy differences are referred to as bands. Unlike the discrete energy levels that you are taught about in beginning chemistry‚ these bands are so close together in energy that it takes a
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Chemistry Exam Study Sheet Organic Chemistry • Study of compounds to which carbon is the principal element. • Carbon is special because it has 4 bonds. Functional Groups • Organic substances are organized into organic families. • Organic Families – group of organic compounds with common structural features. o Each family has a recognizable physical property and a specific structural arrangement. o Each combination is referred to as a functional group. o Even
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Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life PowerPoint Lectures for Biology‚ Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education‚ Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Overview: Chemical Foundations of Biology Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education‚ Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • The bombardier beetle uses chemistry to defend itself Figure 2.1 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education‚ Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Concept 2.1: Matter consists
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Complete Solutions Manual GENERAL CHEMISTRY NINTH EDITION Ebbing/Gammon David Bookin Mt. San Jacinto College Darrell D. Ebbing Wayne State University‚ Emeritus Steven D. Gammon Western Washington University HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY BOSTON NEW YORK Vice President and Executive Publisher: George Hoffman Vice President and Publisher: Charles Hartford Senior Marketing Manager: Laura McGinn Development Editor: Kate Heinle Assistant Editor: Amy Galvin Editorial Assistant: Chip
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SLG Practice Final Exam Chem. 113 True and False 1. The Bohr Theory explains that an emission spectral line is due to an electron losing energy and changing orbitals. 2. 4s orbitals have higher energy than 3d orbitals. 3. An atom with an even number of electrons is always diamagnetic. 4. Covalent bonds are formed by atoms sharing electrons. Multiple Choice 5. Choose the INCORRECT statement about NH2-: a) There is one lone pair on N. b) There are two σ bonds. c) There are no π
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Pb(NO3)2(aq) + FeCl3(aq) HBr(aq) + MgO(s) KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) Predict the products for the following chemical reaction. Write balanced molecular‚ complete ionic‚ and net ionic equations. Na2CO3(aq) + HCl(aq) ? Chapter 8 2.00 g of ammonia (NH3) are combined with 5.00 g of molecular oxygen to produce nitrogen monoxide and water vapor. Find the limiting reactant and theoretical yield for this reaction. If 2.50 g of NO are collected‚ what is the percent yield for this
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the same column have similar electronic and chemical properties. An s orbital has a sphere of electron density and is lower in energy than the other orbitals of the same shell. A p orbital has a dumbbell shape and contains a node of electron density at the nucleus. It is higher in energy than an s orbital. C H EM 301A - O rganic Chem istry L ecture N otes © Dr. Peter de Lijser‚ 2011 Since there is only one orbital in the first shell‚ and each shell can hold a maximum
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Part I Multiple choice or short answer questions 1) (2 points) Identify a solid a. Definite volume and no definite shape b. no definite volume and no definite shape c. definite volume and definite shape 2) (2 points) A substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed‚ definite proportion is a. A solution. b. A heterogeneous mixture. c. An alloy. d. A homogeneous mixture. e. A compound. 3) (2 points) Read the water
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Question 2.1: (i) Calculate the number of electrons which will together weigh one gram. (ii) Calculate the mass and charge of one mole of electrons. * ------------------------------------------------- Answer (i) Mass of one electron = 9.10939 × 10–31 kg Number of electrons that weigh 9.10939 × 10–31 kg = 1 Number of electrons that will weigh 1 g = (1 × 10–3 kg) = 0.1098 × 10–3 + 31 = 0.1098 × 1028 = 1.098 × 1027 (ii) Mass of one electron = 9.10939 × 10–31 kg Mass of one mole of
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