conflict-resolution styles of adults in relationships‚ as well as how satisfied individuals were with said relationships. 2. Do people with different attachment styles deal with conflict in a predictable way‚ and does the method of dealing with conflict predict the level of satisfaction an individual experiences in a relationship? 3. Our textbook talks about attachment relationships between children and their parent(s)‚ and in the article‚ that concept is applied to adult relationships. The "Internal Working
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Outline and Evaluate personality factors that underlie anomalous experience (24 Marks) Anomalous experiences are defined as unusual experiences and events that appear to defy currently known scientific laws. Certain factors are said to affect a person’s ability to perform in psi tasks‚ personality being one of the major influences. Ramakrishna (2001) tested a group of early adolescent high-school students in India for a correlation between personality traits and performance on ESP tasks. Using
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Outline and evaluate one theory of attachment (12 marks) Bowlby’s theory is an evolutionary theory because‚ in his view attachment is a behavioural system that has evolved because of its survival value and‚ ultimately‚ its reproductive value. According to Bowlby‚ children have an innate drive to become attached to a caregiver because attachment has long-term benefits. Both attachment and imprinting ensure that a young animal stays close to a caregiver who will feed and protect the young animal.
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Antisocial behaviour is any aspect of behaviour that disrupts social relationships. Edgar (1988) notes that in every country that has TV‚ it has generated social concern‚ making the public blame the media for any rise in aggressive behaviour in young people. Huesmann and Moise (1996) give five ways that exposure to media violence may lead to aggression. One of these five ways is observational learning and imitation which is linked to the social learning theory that Bandura put forward. Huesmann
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Outline and evaluate the strange situations During the 1970’s‚ psychologist Mary Ainsworth further expanded upon Bowlby’s groundbreaking work in her now-famous "Strange Situation" study. The study involved observing children between the ages of 12 to 18 months responding to a situation in which they were briefly left alone and then reunited with their mother (Ainsworth‚ 1978). Based on these observations‚ Ainsworth concluded that there were three major styles of attachment: secure attachment‚ ambivalent-insecure
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Outline and evaluate neural and hormonal mechanisms in aggression. There are two main biological explanations to aggression‚ neural and hormonal. The neural explanation is the serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitters and how they affect our aggression; the hormonal mechanisms are the testosterone and cortisol chemicals. Testosterone is a hormone that is more concentrated in men than in women as it is a male sex hormone‚ it is thought to influence aggression from a young age onwards‚ due to its actions
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Outline and Evaluate The Cognitive Interview (12 marks) The cognitive interview was created by Fisher and Gieselman in 1992‚ the cognitive interview is a technique which aims to bring out more accurate information from eye witnesses. It consists of four stages; the interviewee is asked to mentally recreate the environment from the original incident including weather conditions and their feelings. The interviewee is asked to report every single detail of the incident even if it may seem irrelevant
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Outline and evaluate learning theory as an explanation of attachment. Classical conditioning - Before attachment is learned‚ the infant gains pleasure through being fed. Food is the unconditioned stimulus and pleasure is the unconditioned response. When the infant is being fed‚ the infant associates the person providing the food with the food. The primary caregiver is the neutral stimulus‚ which becomes associated with food (the unconditioned stimulus). When the attachment has been learned
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Examine how Victorian writers portray the experience of childhood. Victorian writers often explore the idea of childhood‚ with themes of persecution‚ education and religion being commonly prevalent. Specifically‚ the negative aspects of childhood seem to be explored in a manner in which writers use hyperbolic and satirical means to express their critique. The persecution of children seems a recurring theme in Victorian literature at which writers show their dismay‚ focusing on the oppression of
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Outline and evaluate the evolutionary theory of attachment Bowlby came up with this theory and believed that attachment is innate and adaptive. His theory states that we are born with an inherited need to form an attachment in order to help us survive. This involved Darwins theory of natural selection as any behaviour that helps you survive will be kept in the gene pool. In terms of humans‚ babies are helpless and rely completely on the primary caregiver which is normally the mother. Interestingly
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