What mutations are associated with haplogroup H? As the ancestors of haplogroup H migrated from the Middle East to India 45‚000 years ago‚ the mutations that became associated with the haplogroup are M168‚ M89‚ and M69. M69 is also commonly known as the‚ “Indian marker‚” but M69 can also be born in Southern Central Asia. M89 on the other hand first appeared around 45‚000 years ago in northeastern Africa. “In modern day this mutation (marker) is found in more than 90 percent of all non-African men”
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Market Segmentation‚ Targeting and Positioning Market Segmentation Concept : Market segmentation is a concept in economics and marketing. A market segment is a sub-set of a market made up of people or organizations with one or more characteristics that cause them to demand similar product and/or services based on qualities of those products such as price or function. A true market segment meets all of the following criteria: it is distinct from other segments (different segments have different
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segmentation‚ targeting and positioning Market segmentation Why does segmentation required? Steps in segmentation process Stages of Identifying Market Segments Market Segmentation of Consumer Market ‚ Business Market and international marketing Target market Targeting strategies Evaluating segmentation for targeting Evaluating Market Segments Process of choosing target market Factors to be considered while target market selection Decision involved in in targeting Targeting strategy decisions are influenced
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Brand Repositioning and Types of Brand Repositioning Brand Repositioning is changing the positioning of a brand. A particular positioning statement may not work with a brand. For instance‚ Dettol toilet soap was positioned as a beauty soap initially. This was not in line with its core values. Dettol‚ the parent brand (anti-septic liquid) was known for its ability to heal cuts and gashes. The extension’s ’beauty’ positioning was not in tune with the parent’s “germ-kill” positioning. The soap
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4‚ pp. 223-233‚ Apr 2012 (ISSN 2220-3796) Brand Elements Lead to Brand Equity: Differentiate or Die Mosarrat Farhana University of Dhaka‚ Bangladesh mosarrat_58@yahoo.com Abstract: The aim of this paper is to discuss brand elements and to explore its contribution to brand equity based on some relevant research reviews and some examples of prominent brands where brand elements have played a significant role to reach consumer’s head and heart. Brand is a combination of name‚ symbol or design‚ which
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E 10 B USEFUL TIPS for PAPER I 1. An E10B Exchange has 4 main blocks: The Connection unit‚ Switching Net work‚ Control units and Operation & Maintenance Centre. 2. Capacity: Number of Switching PCM links: 384 3. Processing capacity: 190‚000 BHCA 4. Traffic Handling capacity: 4‚000 Erlangs. 5. Maximum 45‚000 lines and 5000 circuits can be connected with one exchange. 6. System: Time Division Switching (TST Switch) PCM principle used
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Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Decision Making Process 2 3.0 Need Recognition & Problem Awareness 3 4.1 Motivation 3 4.2 Motivation and Involvement 3 - 4 4.3 Promotion 4 4.0 Information Search 4 5.4 Culture and Subculture 4 - 5 5.5 Memory 5 5.6 Product 6 - 7 5.7 Promotion 7 5.0 Evaluation of Alternatives
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The Impact of Brand Personality on Brand-Aroused Feelings Dr Karen Miller School of Management and Marketing‚ University of Southern Queensland‚ Toowoomba‚ QLD‚ Email: Miller@usq.edu.au Brand managers are increasingly using brand personality to differentiate and uniquely position their brand without really knowing its effects. This study begins to addresses this gap by examining the effects of brand personality on brand-aroused feelings across the product categories of sport shoes‚ mobile phones
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strong brand offers many advantages for marketers including: Brands provide multiple sensory stimuli to enhance customer recognition. For example‚ a brand can be visually recognizable from its packaging‚ logo‚ shape‚ etc. It can also be recognizable via sound‚ such as hearing the name on a radio advertisement or talking with someone who mentions the product. Customers who are frequent and enthusiastic purchasers of a particular brand are likely to become Brand Loyal. Cultivating brand loyalty
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A brand is a “name‚ term‚ design‚ symbol or any other feature that identifies one seller’s good or service as distinct from those of other sellers. Proper branding can result in higher sales of not only one product but on other products associated with that brand. Brand is the personality that identifies a product‚ service or company and how it relates to key customers‚ staffs‚ partners‚ investors etc. People engaged in branding seek to develop the expectations behind the brand experience
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