compound. n-heptane‚ pentene‚ benzene‚ heptanol‚ sec-butanol‚ phenol‚ acetyl chloride‚ buteraldehyde‚ benzaldehyde‚ 2-butanone‚ propanoic acid‚ sucrose‚ diethyl ether‚ butyl bromide‚ acetonitrile‚ L-alanine‚ n-amyl acetate‚ benzene sulfonyl chloride and aniline were used as test compounds. Observations were noted‚ such as changes in color and product formation. Iodine test‚ bromine test‚ Baeyer Test‚ Chloroform and aluminum chloride‚ fuming sulfuric acid‚ acetyl chloride‚ chromic acid‚ iodoform‚ Lucas’
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particular the yeasts‚ are important "model organisms" for studying problems in genetics and molecular biology. The lactophenol blue staining or known as lacto phenol cotton blue (LPCB) wet mount preparation is the most widely used method of staining and observing fungi and is simple to prepare. The preparation has three components: phenol‚ which will kill any live organisms. The high concentration of the phenol deactivates lytic cellular enzymes thus the cells do not lyse.
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Discussion: The purpose of this experiment was to isolate the aromatic hydroxyl compound‚ eugenol from crushed cloves using steam distillation. After conducting the distillation‚ the expected two layers were not visible in the centrifuge tube. Subsequently‚ the extraction and evaporation did not produce the expected oil. This result is probably due to the collection of only water vapor during distillation. From another group’s data‚ 3.80% of the oil was recovered from the cloves in which the major
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CLASS 12 textbook http://www.TutorBreeze.com Contact for Online Tutoring in Physics‚ Math‚ Chemistry‚ English (v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene :- (vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid :- (vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile :- (viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene :- (ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3‚ 4-dimethylhexane:- ©TutorBreeze.com Please do not copy the answer given here Write to us for help in understanding the solution NCERT/CBSE CHEMISTRY CLASS 12 textbook http://www.TutorBreeze
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UV Spectroscopy: UV spectroscopy is concerned with ranges from 190 to 370 nm. Compound which are colourless absorb radiation in UV range. In both UV as well as visible spectroscopy only the valence electrons absorb the energy there by molecule undergoes transition from ground state to exited state. This absorbance is characteristic and depends on the nature of the electron present. The intensity of the electron depends on the concentration and path length as given by Lambert beer’s law. Lambert
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of compounds‚ and its apparent speed of performing analyses‚ with the use of modern technology applied to these instruments (Skoog‚ et.al‚ 2014). Paracetamol‚(N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide) is classified as to being part of the drugs known as “aniline analgesics” (Behera‚S.‚et.al‚ 2012) and is widely used as analgesic and antipyretic drug‚ together with caffeine‚ ibuprofen‚ and diclofenac sodium. Based on the United States Pharmacopeial Convention‚ Titrimetric‚ Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
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Bonding & London Dispersion Forces Class N (Neutral) Compounds Benzyl Alcohol Sulfuric Acid Hydrogen Bonding & London Dispersion Forces Benzaldehyde Sulfuric Acid Ion – Induced Dipole & London Dispersion Forces Class B (Basic) Compounds Aniline Hydrochloric Acid Ion – Dipole & London Dispersion Forces Class A (Acidic) Compounds Benzoic Acid NaOH Ion – Induced Dipole & London Dispersion Forces NaHCO3 Ion – Induced Dipole & London Dispersion Forces Phenol NaOH Hydrogen Bonding
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Synthesis of Phenols You can prepare phenols in large quantities by the pyrolysis of the sodium salt of benzene sulfonic acid‚ by the Dow process‚ and by the air oxidation of cumene. Each of these processes is described below. You can also prepare small amounts of phenol by the peroxide oxidation of phenylboronic acid and the hydrolysis of diazonium salts. Pyrolysis of sodium benzene sulfonate In this process‚ benzene sulfonic acid is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The resulting salt
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This name‚ meaning rock oil‚ is applied to certain bituminous fluids found in the earth. Solid bitumen‚ or asphalt‚ differs but little in chemical composition from petroleum‚ both being compounds of carbon and hydrogen Many varieties of petroleum‚ and perhaps all‚ become thicker by exposure to the air‚ and finally solid‚ resembling asphaltum. Bitumen‚ and doubtless petroleum also‚ was known from the earliest ages‚ being the "pitch" which Noah used in building the Ark‚ and the "slime" used for
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Objective The objective of this experiment was to illustrate electrophilic aromatic substitution by synthesizing p-nitroanilide (as well as ortho) from acetanilide by nitration. The para form was separated from the ortho form based on solubility properties using recrystallization techniques. Synthetic equations: Physical Properties & Hazards of Reagents/Products: (all taken from Sigma-Aldrich website) Acetanilide MM = 135.16 g/mol Melting point =
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