Answers to Questions: 1.) Arrangement of Reactivity: (fastest to slowest) - Phenol‚ Nitrophenol‚ Acetanilide‚ Benzene‚ Chlorobenzene‚ Aniline - A reaction has occurred if there’s a change in color. The nature of the substituent‚ whether electron-donating to the ring or electron-withdrawing from the ring‚ was responsible for the reactivity of the benzene. Aniline and acetanilide contain amine groups‚ which are electron-donating. Chlorobenzene contains chlorine‚ which is electron-withdrawing. Phenol
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Benzene Benzene‚ C(6)H(6)‚ is a clear‚ colorless‚ flammable liquid that is insoluble in water.Its boiling point is 80 degrees C (176 degrees F). In the past benzene was obtained from the distillation of coal in the absence of air. Today most benzene is made syntheticallyfrom petroleum products. The benzene is a closed ring of six atoms connected by bonds that resonatebetween single and double bonds; each carbon is also bound to a single atom. Benzene isinsoluble in water but mixes
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Application of linear algebraic equation for chemical engineering problem The chemical engineering system models often outcome of set of linear algebraic equations. These problems may range in complexity from a set of two simultaneous linear algebraic equations to a set involving 1000 or even 10‚000 equations. The solution of a set two or three linear algebraic equations can be obtained easily by the algebraic elimination of variables or by the application of cramer’s rule. However for systems involving
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candle. Results of the tests showed that the candle made from 100 percent paraffin wax had the lowest melting rate‚ lowest amount of melted candle. The 90:10 preparation had the next lowest melting rate and amount of melted candle. The other preparations ranked according to the proportion of used cooking oil in the candle‚ with the 50:50 preparation performing least comparably with the 100 percent paraffin wax candle. Acknowledgment: We would like to thank our parents who supported us in doing this
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EXP-10 CHEM 233L SYNTHESIS OF p-BROMOANILINE Introduction: In this experiment‚ p-bromoaniline was synthesized in three steps starting from aniline. Since the amino group of aniline is a strong activator of aromatic ring‚ direct bromination is impractical (equation 1). In order to make a desired product‚ amino group needed to be protected as the acetamide which also maintained ortho and para position but slowed down the rate of reaction (equation 2). Slow reaction rate would increase
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Chemistry : Important Questions For CBSE Class XII ( Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) (Q.1) Choose the incorrect statement about the benzyl chloride: ( 1 mark ) (a) It is less reactive than alkyl halides. (b) It can be oxidized to benzaldehyde by boiling with copper nitrate solution. (c) It is a lachrymatory liquid and answers beilstein’s test. (d) It gives a white precipitate with alcoholic silver nitrate (Q.2) Dry ether The reaction RX + 2Na + RX _______________? R-R + 2NaXis called. ( 1 mark
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derivatives and amines. Write‚ explain and solve problems related the reaction mechanisms for nucleophilic addtition of carbonyl compounds and nucleophilic acyl substitution of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Develop synthetic methods for preparations of various types of aldehydes‚ ketones‚ carboxylic acids‚ carboxylic acid derivatives and amines. Plan‚ conduct‚ observe and report experiments in organic chemistry 2. 3. 4. 5. Course Description : This course is a continuation
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together constitute a new parent name. Four important examples are: CH3 OH NH2 COOH F F F Fluorobenzene * Because all H atoms in benzene are equivalent it doesn’t matter at which vertex of the ring the substituted group is located. F Toluene Phenol Aniline Benzoic Acid (not methyl benzene‚ hydroxybezene‚ aminobenzene‚ carboxyl benzene) Examples: CH3 HO Cl 2- Chlorotoluene F 3- Fluorophenol Note 2: For monosubstituted benzene rings that have a group attached that is not easily named as a substituent
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be very electron deficient and this is the cause of the reactivity of acid anhydrides. The first step involves the nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction of acetic anhydride with aniline to form acetanilide. The reaction is initiated by the donation of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom on aniline to the electron deficient carbonyl carbon atom in acetic anhydride‚ which is followed by the carbon oxygen double bond breaking in the electron deficient carbon with the oxygen taking
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Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination Biology and Combined Science (Biology part) School-based Assessment Sample Tasks Teachers may use the sample tasks for non-profit making educational and research purposes with proper acknowledgement. ©香港考試及評核局 保留版權 2009 Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority All Rights Reserved 2009 HKDSE Biology SBA Practical Task: Topic: I (e) Presence of protease in pineapple and / or kiwifruit Scenario: Last week‚ Mary prepared some jelly
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