push”: Examples: (ii) Homolytic – here each partner supplies one electron as a radical (a species with a single unpaired electron). These reactions involve a single-electron push – see W (2) Ch 37 on Radical reactions: Examples – the SET reaction in the Grignard practical as well as the classical free-radical chlorination of a hydrocarbon like cyclohexane‚ which typically illustrates the free-radical mechanism (see side-chain functionalisation in Aromatic notes with NBS)‚ in which there
Premium Organic reaction Chemical reaction
RESEARCH PAPER ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES ................ ABSTRACT: The microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in probably every environmental condition present on earth. Actinomycetes were originally considered to be an intermediate group between bacteria and fungi but now are recognized as prokaryotic organisms with high G+C (>55%) content in their DNA. Our project aim is to evaluate some biological activities of Actinomycetes like:
Premium Enzyme Petroleum Bacteria
halides‚ etc) * When there is an –anoic acid‚ it is always attached to carbon 1. Structural isomers: It is when a molecule has the same molecular formula (eg. C6H12O6) but looks different and can be drawn in different ways. PROPERTIES: Alkanes: * Formula CnH2n+2 * Saturated (no double or triple bonds) hydrocarbons – a good way to remember this: saturated in hydrogens * Melting and boiling points low but will increase as molecule gets bigger (the intermolecular bonds are strengthened)
Premium Chemical bond Oxygen Atom
molecules doesn’t want to be dianion 5. (11 pts) Carey. All the parts of this problem refer to the alkane having the carbon skeleton shown. (a) (2 pts) What is the molecular formula of this alkane? C13H38 (b) (2 pts) What is the IUPAC name? 5-ethyl-2‚6-dimethylnonane 1 pt for or 1 pt for 5-ethyl-4‚8-dimethylnonane 2‚6-dimethyl‚5-ethylnonane (1 pt) How many methyl groups are present in this alkane?____5 (1 pt) How many methylene groups?______5______ (1 pt) How many methine groups?_________3___
Premium Methane Ammonia Acetic acid
UNICEF PROMOTION OF HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT AND SAFE STORAGE IN UNICEF WASH PROGRAMMES January 2008 PROMOTION OF HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT AND SAFE STORAGE IN UNICEF WASH PROGRAMMES Why is household water treatment and safe storage an important intervention for preventing disease? Unsafe drinking water‚ along with poor sanitation and hygiene‚ are the main contributors to an estimated 4 billion cases of diarrhoeal disease annually‚ causing more than 1.5 million deaths‚ mostly among children
Premium Chlorine Drinking water Water purification
functions of the particular HC derivative in chemical reactions. This means that the specific properties of the HC derivative are due to its functional group. Each functional group is attached to an alkyl radical (R). An alkyl radical is one H atom less than the given alkane. The alkyl radical (R) uses the general formula CnH2n+1 Table of Common Functional Groups ALCOHOLS Organic compounds that contain one or more hydroxyl groups . General formula for a class of organic compounds: Consists
Premium Ester
GRADE 11 CHEMISTRY (30S) Final Practice Examination Answer Key GRADE 11 CHEMISTRY (30S) Final Practice Examination Answer Key IInstructions The final examination will be weighted as follows Modules 1–3 Modules 4–6 The format of the examination will be as follows: Part A: Fill-in-the-Blanks Part B: Multiple Choice Part C: Short Answer Total Marks Include units with all answers as required. Useful Information You will need the following in order to complete this examination: n n n n 15–20% 80–85%
Premium Stoichiometry Atom Ion
at every point where two lines meet. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Alkanes and Cycloalkanes - An alkane is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon=carbon double bonds -Functional group: C-C group -General formula: CnH2n+2; n = number of carbon atoms -Structures of branched-chain alkanes are designated using line-angle structural formulas. (Ex. The five constitutional isomers of C6H14) -Cycloalkanes are alkanes that contain a ring of three or more carbons -General Formula
Premium Functional group Alcohol Amino acid
Synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate (Banana Oil) Using a Fischer Esterification Reaction Zhenshu Wang (Stan) TA: Aaron League September 23‚ 2012 Purpose: The purpose of the experiment was to perform the acid-catalyzed Fischer Esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol to form isopentyl acetate‚ or banana oil‚ which is used in flavor industries. The equilibrium of the reaction was changed by adding an excess amount of acetic acid. The reaction was refluxed and product was purified by extraction
Premium Ester Carboxylic acid Acetic acid
with another carbon in a benzene ring. Therefore‚ this rules out all the alkanes and just leaves the phenyl hydrocarbon
Premium Chemistry Water Chemical substance