The hypothesis If a chemical reaction occurs‚ then there will be indicators of a chemical change‚ was supported throughout this experiment. Throughout this experiment there were several reactions that took place‚ and an indicator of such chemical reactions could be seen throughout each one. The first piece of identifiable evidence was present in the first step‚ which was when copper (II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide were combined. When stirred‚ a blue precipitate formed at the bottom of the test
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errors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment is to determine the order with respect to permanganate ion and to oxalic acid concentration for the reaction of potassium permanganate and oxalic acid solutions. Other goals include‚ writing a rate equation and determining the effect of increased temperature on the rate of this reaction. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT The materials required for this experiment include the following: • 2-50ml Burets • 60 mL of 0.755M H2C2O4 • 60 mL of 0.13M KMnO4
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PRACTICAL 2: Preparation of sodium hexanitrocobaltate (III) Date: 12 March 2014 INTRODUCTION Sodium hexanitrocobaltate (III) is a coordination complex which has the formula Na3[Co(NO2)6]. This compound is yellow in colour. It consists of a central Co3+ ion surrounded by six nitro ligands [1]. This compound is used as a qualitative test for potassium and ammonium ions (so long as certain other cations are not present) [1]. Potassium and ammonium are insoluble in water‚ while sodium is [1]. Hence‚ the
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absorbs moisture. b. Caustic potash Compared to soda‚ potash is much stronger in chemical reaction. It is generally used for making liquid soaps‚ shampoos and soft soaps because it produces soap of soft consistency and higher solubility in water. Other raw materials: * Builders These are essentially used to build up soaps. Examples of alkali builders are sodium carbonate‚ sodium silicate and sodium sulfate.
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Clock reactions If you choose a project that explores the kinetics of a chemical reaction you will need a way of measuring the rate of the reaction. Clock reactions provide an interesting way of doing this for some systems. In a typical reaction the first part of a graph showing the concentration of product against time is approximately a straight line (see Figure 1). If you choose any value of concentration that lies on this straight line (say c1) the initial rate of reaction can be found
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The effect on rate of an enzyme catalysed reaction by different objectives which include effect of substrate‚ temperature‚ ph and effect of a competitive inhibitor phosphate ions. This is determined by the reaction of hydrolysis by p-nitrophenylphosphate (PNP) as a substrate by the enzyme phosphatase. Abstract The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate has been studied in human red blood cells. To see if hydrolysis was related to the functioning of the sodium pump. Acid phosphatase catalysis’s
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lattice is collapses and the solid is converted into liquid. The trend in structure is from the metallic oxides containing giant structures of ions on the left of the period via a giant covalent oxide in the middle to molecular oxides on the right. Sodium peroxide‚ magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide are metallic oxide which have high melting and boiling point compared to other period 3 oxide. This is due to their giant ionic structure and the strong ionic bond. Strong ionic bond in the molecule need
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Also known as "benzoate of soda‚" sodium benzoate is an FDA-approved‚ polyunsaturated fat that has been used by food manufacturers for over 80 years to inhibit microbial growth. As a food additive it is used as a preservative‚ effectively killing most yeasts‚ bacteria and fungi. Sodium benzoate is effective only in acidic conditions (pH < 3.6) making its use most prevalent in foods such as preserves‚ salad dressings (vinegar)‚ carbonated drinks (carbonic acid)‚ jams (citric acid)‚ fruit juices (citric
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Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q.1. Why should magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ? Ans: Magnesium ribbon is a very reactive metal. When stored it reacts with oxygen to form a layer of magnesium oxide on its surface. This layer of magnesium oxide being a stable compound prevents further reaction of magnesium with oxygen. The magnesium is cleaned before burning in air to remove this layer so that the metal can be exposed to air properly. Q.2. Write the balanced
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Preparation of Sodium Chloride through titration Abstract: acid-base titration is a technique commonly used to determine the moles of acid in a sample by adding a known volume of strong base of a known concentration. The strong base provides the hydroxide ion‚ to react quantitatively with the acid. The point at which the acid is completely and exactly consumed the known quantity of base is called the equivalence end point and is signalled by a colour change in the solution (end point). This colour
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