of one of the ions or anions combined with one of the reagents such as NaCl. It was found that it could be separated out after centrifuging and would result in a sample without the ions or anions if it precipitated. With the data from week one a method of adding the reagents in a certain order would result in the ability to separate all ions or anions out of a solution. Overall‚ knowing how the cations or anions reacted with certain reagents benefited greatly to determine a way to create a separation
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addition of a Grignard reagent to an aldehyde/ketone = stable tetrahedral intermediate (alkoxide) - addition of an alcohol to a carbonyl group in the presence of a base = unstable intermediate (hemiacetal/hydrate) - nucleophiles with good leaving groups (anions i.e. Cl-‚ RO-‚ RCO2-) = unstable - starting carbonyl compound with good leaving group = unstable (makes a Tetrahedral intermediate then collapses to form the starting carbonyl group) i.e. Grignard reagent added to an ester
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ferric chloride‚ Bariit’s A and B solutions‚ Kovac’s reagent‚ zinc dust‚ hydrogen peroxide‚ API 20E incubation tray‚ Bunsen burner‚ oxidase reagent and bacteria Methods: The method used for the API (analytical profile index) 20E System was the aseptic technique was used for the inoculating loop to get a unknown colony from the streak plate or pure culture slant. A small amount was smeared over the filter paper and several drops of oxidase reagent were added and the color change was noted. Another
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Lesson 1 Key Questions 1. Mg2+ has 10 electrons 2. Given that the half life of the radioisotope carbon -14 is 5730 years‚ it would not be useful in dating bones that are over a million years old. After 40 000 years of age less than 1% of the 14C is left in the bone and thus it is not useful for determining the exact age beyond that. 3. Hydrolysis - A chemical reaction where a chemical is broken down by a reaction with water. Hydrolysis is important for the digestion of food‚ making
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| Gram Negative Unknown | Biology 3444-006 | | Lena Wallace | 11/7/2011 | | Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to identify an unknown bacteria culture using differential tests. The identification of the unknown culture was accomplished by identifying the bacteria based on its specific metabolic characteristics and morphology. It is suggested that culture 11 is a sample of Enterobacter aerogenes. Introduction: This experiment was centered on metabolic and biochemical testing
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ammonia and vortex. - Complexing reagent is added (0.8ml) and vortex. Cathecol: - 0.5ml is taken from sample‚ standard and control. - 50µl internal standard is added‚ then vortex. -13µl ammonia is added‚ then vortex. -Complexing reagent is added (0.8ml)‚ then vortex. Solid phase extraction (SPE) MET
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positive. Lieberman-Burchard is a reagent used in a colorimetric test to detect cholesterol‚ which gives a deep green color. This color begins as a purplish‚ pink color and progresses through to a light green then very dark green color. The color is due to the hydroxyl group (-OH) of cholesterol reacting with the reagents and increasing the conjugation of the unsaturation in the adjacent fused ring. Because this test uses acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid as reagents caution must be exercised so as
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proteins‚ and banana baby food would consist of sugars and starch. Each macromolecule test consisted of five test tubes of the food item individually diluted into solutions for reacting each with Benedict’s reagent to show the presence of sugar‚ IK2I for starch presence‚ and Buiret’s reagent for protein presence. A simple paper test was used evaluting lipid existence for each food. Our results confirmed our estimations of the foods’ compounds. The testing results verified that coconut milk contained
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Abstract Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic compounds in the plant world. They act as storehouses of chemical energy (glucose‚ starch‚ glycogen); are components of supportive structures in plants (cellulose)‚crustacean shells (chitin)‚ and connective tissues in animals (glucosaminoglycans); and are essential components of nucleic acids (D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose). Monosaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides are theclassifications of carbohydrates. This experiment involves
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carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ lipids and nucleic acids. In this lab we will test four foods to see if they contain carbohydrates (sugar and/or starches)‚ proteins and lipids. We will use chemical reagents to test to determine the presence of macromolecules: Benidicts solution for sugar‚ Iodine for starch‚ Biurets reagent for protein‚ and Sudan III for lipids. Hypothesis (1 point) If we test buttermilk biscuits for starches‚ sugars‚ proteins and lipids then it will test positive for all. If we test potato
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