sample prepared was loaded into a Pasteur pipette plugged with cotton and uniformly packed with silica gel. The eluents used were 7 mL hexane:acetone (7:3)‚ 5 mL hexane:acetone (1:1)‚ 5 mL acetone‚ and 5 mL acetone:MeOH (1:1); the collected eluates were dark green‚ light green‚ yellow green‚ and yellow. For thin layer chromatography‚ the eluates were applied in spots on a TLC plate pre-coated with silica and placed in a developing chamber lined with filter paper and hexane:acetone (7:3) as the solvent
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fraction from a column chromatography separation‚ and to determine whether a substance purified by recrystallization. (2) The most common stationary phases or adsorbents using in TLC are silica gel‚ alumina‚ and cellulose. For each‚ (a) draw its chemical structure and (b) label it as polar or non-polar. Silica gel - polar alumina - polar cellulose - non-polar (3) Why do “do-it-yourself” TLC plates give inconsistent results? Due to variations in the thickness of the absorbent layer.
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Objective The objective of the project of redesigning the bicycle saddle is to lessen the uncomfortable sitting on the bicycle saddle‚ giving cyclist the maximum pleasure of riding of the bicycle. This is because the current bicycle saddle causes pain to the soft perineal tissue‚ the major part of the human’s tissue that has direct contact to the saddle. The pain that comes from the saddle is because all the pressure from the cyclists’ weight is directed onto the soft perineal tissue. Therefore
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mixture‚ TLC can also be of aid in identifying unknown compounds. Separation of compounds is achieved as a partitioning occurs between a mobile phase and a stationary phase. In TLC‚ the stationary phase is composed of a thin layer of the highly polar silica gel that is deposited on a glass or plastic plate‚ and the mobile phase consists of a liquid solvent that runs up the plate through capillary action‚ carrying the solutes‚ or the chemical compounds that are to be separated and analyzed. The principles
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=========== ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ============ Organic Chemistry Laboratory - CH 201 (2010-2011) Experiment 4B Column and Thin-Layer Chromatography of Capsicum Frutescens L. Pigments John Cyril Abanto*‚ Vernalyn Abarintos and Clarice Gail Abella Department of Chemistry‚ College of Science University of Santo Tomas‚ Espana Street‚ Manila 1050 Date Submitted: September‚ 2010 ____________________________________________________________
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Introduction Discovered by Georg Wittig in 1954‚ the Wittig reaction is a robust organic synthesis method for preparing stereospecific alkenes. In general‚ Wittig reactions involve an aldehyde or ketone and a Wittig reagent (triphenylphosphonium ylide) and result in the formation of an alkene product and triphenylphosphine oxide (side product). Stereospecific alkene products can be synthesized by adjusting the reaction reagents and conditions. In the 60 years since the Wittig reaction was discovered
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labuyo using column chromatography then determine the purity of the components using thin layer chromatography and lastly‚ measure the RF values of the coloured components in thin layer chromatography. The students plugged the column with cotton and silica gel inside the pasture pipette which later introduce the extract and eluent inside. The colored eluate was then collected and applied in precoated thin layer chromatography plate by spotting it ten times. Afterwards‚ the precoated thin layer chromatography
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To begin the experiment‚ the reaction apparatus was assembled (as shown in Figure 1 below from the lab manual) consisting of a 3.0 mL conical vial charged with p-cresol (80uL from Eppendorf pipette)‚ 25% aqueous NaOH (130uL)‚ and a spin vane. The solution was mixed thoroughly and tetrabutylammonium bromide (9mg) was added along with n-propyl iodide (75uL) and it was equipped with a flask with a water reflux condenser. The solution was heated (95-100°C) while vigorously stirring it. After 60 minutes
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NANOCATALYSTS at er ia ls Outline Catalysis • Types of Catalysts • Examples of Heterogeneous Catalysis Nanocatalysis • Preparation • Size Effects • Shape Effect • Support Materials Some Recent Advances • Nanocatalyst Preparation • Silica Supports • Carbon Supports M SN 53 2 C ou rs e M at er ia ls Catalysis • The catalyst accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction (A → B) without itself being consumed in the process. • Catalysts generally react
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Benzhydrol can be synthesized from Benzophenone via a reduction reaction. Samples of the reaction mixture are taken at several times during the reaction (start‚ 50% of the way and at the end of the reaction time). Draw the anticipated results (spots) for silica gel TLC plates at the specified reaction (not elution) times (assume the best solvent used above): At start (no reaction) At 50 % completion At 100 % completion
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