Distillation Alcoholic distillation is basically the process of separation the more volatile component‚ alcohol‚ from the less volatile component‚ water‚ from a water/alcohol solution‚ by heating the solution and condensing and collecting the alcohol rich vapours released‚ as a high alcohol strength liquid (spirit). The starting material for most distillations‚ such as wine for brandy and beer for whisky‚ are usually weak alcoholic solutions (5%-7% v/v ethanol) This seems counter intuitive
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PROCEDURE TO CARRY OUT COLOUR CONTRAST DYE PENETRANT INSPECTION TECHNIQUE WITH THE FIELD KIT INTRODUCTION: This document will give the procedures to be carried out for detection of surface crack on aircraft aerofoil suspected to be cracked using the color contrast Dye Penetrant technique. Inspection should be carried with the field kit consist of 1) Penetrant 2) Cleaner or remover 3) Developer-to eccentricity any indications. All three items are readily available in aerosol forms.
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Distillation Objective: To illustrate the use of distillation for separating a mixture of two volatile liquids with different boiling points. Background: Distillation consists of heating a liquid until it vaporizes‚ and then condensing the vapor and collecting it in a separate container. Distillation is used to separate mixtures of liquids that either have different boiling points‚ or that have one component that does not distill. There are many types of distillation‚ each of which has a distinct
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The purpose of this lab was to synthesize indigo and an azo dye and to determine how effective each dye was to dye different types of fabrics. 0.168g of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde was dissolved into acetone along with 25 drops of distilled water and NaOH to synthesize indigo. The solution was filtered‚ and the solid indigo was placed into the filter flask to reduce indigo to leucoindigo with 10mL of 3M NaOH. The flask was heated along with sodium dithionite and distilled water added to the flask. Afiber
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Organic Lab 1: Fractional Distillation Discussion: With the purpose of the experiment being to identify the 30 mL of unknown liquid‚ the theoretical basis of simple and fractional distillation must be deconstructed and applied to the data obtained describing the liquid in question. Simple distillation is a separation technique which can be used to separate and purify distillates from a liquid mixture which ideally contains one volatile and one non-volatile compound. If such ideal conditions are
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Thousands of people across the world dye their hair; dating back all the way to 3400 B.C. when “people used extracts from plants or minerals that contained pigments like those of henna or black walnut shells”("History & Future Discovery of Hair Dye."). In 1932‚ hair dye was refined to create chemical reactions in the hair to change the natural structure and color of hair. Cosmetologists are near a plethora of chemicals every day that include carcinogens and mutagens they would never suspect
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Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to find the amount of blue dye #1 in the blueberry pomegranate gatorade. Procedure: We created dilutions using stock solution(10mL stock/0 mL water‚ 8mL/2mL‚ 6mL/4mL‚4mL/6mL‚ 3mL/7mL‚ 2mL/8mL‚1mL/9mL‚ 0mL/0mL). Before we put each dilution in the SPEC 20‚ we put water in a cuvette and put it in the SPEC 20 so we could zero out the percent transmittance. We collected the percent transmittance of each dilution using the SPEC20 with a wavelength of 630nm.
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EXPERIMENT 2: BATCH DISTILLATION AT CONSTANT REFLUX OBJECTIVE: To operate a batch distillation unit at constant reflux. To examine the change in top and bottom composition over time in a batch distillation. PROCEDURES: 1. Perform the general start-up procedures (Section 4). Refer appendix 1. 2. Record initial volume and refractive index of the liquid mixture in the reboiler. 3. Set the heater power to 1.5kW. 4. Set reflux timer to 10 second for set 1 and 30 second for set 2. ( Note: Set 1:
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Analysis 1. Examine the structures of the FD&C Red No. 40‚ Blue No. 1 and Yellow No. 5 dyes. What are the similarities and differences in the structures of the three dyes? a. Red No. 40‚ Blue No. 1‚ Yellow No. 5 contain carbon rings and NaSO3. Additionally‚ Red No. 40 and Yellow No. 5 are very similar‚ as they both contain one nitrogen double bond‚ a hydroxyl group‚ and no ions. Blue No.1 contains nitrogen and chlorine ions and N(C2H5)CH2. 2. In the Introductory Activity‚ the developing solvents
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Separations: Chromatography of M&M and Ink Dyes Almost all substances we come into contact with on a daily basis are impure; that is‚ they are mixtures. Similarly‚ compounds synthesized in the chemical laboratory are rarely produced pure. As a result‚ a major focus of research in chemistry is designing methods of separating and identifying components of mixtures. Many separation methods rely on physical differences between the components of a mixture. For example‚ filtration takes advantage of substances
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