on one axis of your table and solvent system on the other. If multiple spots were present for a compound‚ give Rf value for each component and state if the component was major or minor. | 100% hexane | 25% EtOAc in hexane | 10% EtOAc in hexane | Fluorene | 0.34 cm | 0.94 cm | 0.67 cm | 9 - fluorenol | 0.00 cm | 0.49 cm | 0.05 cm | 9 - fluorenone | 0.00 cm | 0.69 cm | 0.21 cm | 2. Explain how Rf values were generally affected by polarity of the solvent/eluent systems. As part of your
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aromatic. In this experiment we used a variety of methods to examine the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons. The first experiment we tested a variety of solvents to see if they dissolved our alkane (Decalin). One would expect that non-polar solvents will dissolve alkanes because they are non polar as well 1. If the solvent did not dissolve in the alkane we heated the solution with a heat gun‚ because higher temperature increases solubility because energy in the form of heat can break bonds
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The Solubility of Potassium Nitrate Aim: The aim of this experiment is to find out by how much the solubility of potassium nitrate into distilled water increases when the solution is heated‚ and if yes‚ by how much. Hypothesis: According to data on the internet‚ 3.75 × 10¹ moles of potassium nitrate dissolve in 100g of water. I believe this information may be correct. I also believe that as the solute is absorbing outside heat‚ the energy is increased causing it to dissolve both faster‚ with
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compound. In this experimented benzoic acid was crystallize using ethanol and water. I chose these solvents based on part C of the experiment (table 1.1). The compound is too soluble in ethanol but too insoluble in water. Benzoic acid is a polar compound in comparison with ethanol which is a less polar compound. However at low temperatures benzoic acid is insoluble in water. Compounds are soluble in solvents with the same polarity‚ like dissolves like. Table 1.1 Benzoic Acid solubility Dissolve Heat
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Answers to Questions 1. For solutes that are dissolved because of intermolecular attractions with the solvent‚ state the intermolecular attractions involved. Intermolecular Attractions F There are dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding between polar acetone and polar water. J There are dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding between ethanol and water. There are also dipole-dipole attractions between ethanol and diethyl ether. L There are hydrogen bonding‚ dipole-induced
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N-(tert-butyl)carbamate (4a). Next‚ in order to improve the yield of 4a‚ the effects of different solvents‚ reaction temperatures and times together with the molar ratio of the reactants were examined in this model reaction‚ for which the reaction conditions would be optimized. When this reaction was performed in refluxing EtOH‚ 7a was obtained
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random packing or structured packing. CO2 containing gas flows upwards and the absorption liquid flows downwards. The solvent (rich amine) is pumped further through a heat exchanger to a separation column. The absorbed CO2 is regenerated in a separation (stripper) column. Heat is added to the reboiler and a condenser supplies reflux to the column. After the separator‚ the regenerated solvent (lean amine) is recirculated back to the absorption column and cooled in a heat exchanger and a cooler. The simplest
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m-aminobenzoic acid and the 1-chloro-2‚4-dinitrobenzene‚ were mixed together and were dissolved using dimethylformamide. The resultant solution was heated‚ mixed with deionized H2O and vacuum filtrated in order to separate our formed product form the solvent. This technique was further repeated after our product was washed with heated ethanol. The final product was m-(2‚4-dinitroanilino) benzoic acid. The reaction mechanism for the overall reaction in question is as follows: Results & Observations:
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Abstract: Caffeine‚ (C8 H10 N4 O2) a white‚ crystalline alkaloid known as a nervous system stimulant found commonly in tea leaves and coffee‚ can be extracted using the method of sublimation with the use of Methylene Chloride (CH2Cl2) and Sodium Hydroxide; both can repeatedly rinse the green (unroasted) coffee beans from the caffeine. Keywords: Caffeine‚ Methylene Chloride‚ Sodium Hydroxide‚ Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate I. Introduction Caffeine is an alkaloid of the methylxanthine family. Its chemical
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recrystallize the caffeine. The solvents used in the experiment were an aqueous sodium carbonate and dichloromethane (DCM). Anhydrous calcium chloride pellets were used to dry the solution and emulsion layer and the DCM was then decanted. After washing the anhydrous calcium chloride pellets with more DCM‚ the solvent was evaporated‚ leaving greenish-white crystalline caffeine residue weighing about .25 mg. In order to recrystallize the caffeine‚ we used a mixed-solvent method‚ consisting of hot acetone
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