prescribed in I.P. and U.S.P procedures. A UV absorption maximum of drug was found to be 244 nm (Fig. 4.1). An Infrared spectrum of the drug was concordant with the reference spectra (Fig.4.2 and Fig. 4.3). Solubility Profile of Ketoconazole different solvents indicated that the drug was freely soluble in methanol‚ methylene chloride and insoluble in water‚ ether and slightly soluble in PBS (pH 7.4)‚ dichloromethane and very slightly soluble in chloroform‚ alcohol etc. Partition coefficient of the drug
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part of the lab concentrates on how different factors influence the rate of SN1 reactions. The factors that will be examined are the leaving group‚ Br versus Cl-; the structure of the alkyl group‚ 3◦ versus 2◦; and the polarity of the solvent‚ 40 percent 2-propanol versus 60 percent 2-propanol. Discussion/Theory/Reaction Mechanisms SN2 Reaction Mechanism: This reaction takes place by an SN2 mechanism. The reaction must be carried out in a very acidic solution because the OH group
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predetermined amount of cyclohexane. Introduction: One of the key concepts in this experiment is the term freezing point depression. The definition of this phrase is that when a solute is dissolved into a solvent‚ their collective boiling point will be less than that of the original boiling point of the solvent. This incidentally leads to another important definition‚ the colligative properties of a solution. This means a particular set of characteristics that are unique to that solution. As the freezing
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separated by manipulating their solubilities by adjusting the acidity and basicity of the solution. By doing this‚ the three components were forced into conjugate acid (or base) forms‚ causing selective solubility in either an aqueous or organic solvent. These layers were then separated by use of a separation funnel. Once separated‚ the components extracted were characterized by measuring the melting point and performing a TLC analysis. Also‚ the recovered aspirin from the first part of the experiment
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Carly Bolyard Chem 2020 Experiment Performed: 9/17/2014-9/24/2014 Lab Partner: Erika Breeden Synthesis of 1‚4-Di-t-Buytl-2‚5-Dimethoxybenzene via Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Title: Synthesis of 1‚4-Di-t-buytl-2‚5-dimethoxybenzene via Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Introduction: Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene (and substituted benzenes) involves substituting a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring with an alkyl group. In the reaction a new alkyl group becomes bonded to a carbon atom of
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diasteromeric esters of ibuprofen derivatives where (S) configuration is predominantly. Finally‚ hydrolysis of the ester then provides (S)-ibuprofen in a relatively high yield. all reaction were monitored by TLC at room temperature with appropriate solvent system which states in experiment section. IR‚ 1H-NMR‚ 13C-NMR‚ polarimetry and melting point range were used to define the product and its purity. Introduction Racemic mixture of ibuprofen is sold in the market‚ however only the (S)-enantiomer
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Ocasio Bio 121 K.L. Box Performed: August 29‚ 2013 Submitted: September 5‚ 2013 Introduction The solubility depends on the properties of a solvent that will allow interaction with a solute more strongly than do solvent particles together. Water is the universal solvent. Water‚ certainly dissolves many types of substances and in greater amounts than any other solvent. The salt is a compound consisting of various minerals‚ and is one of the most abundant elements on earth. It is formed out of sodium
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reflection‚ more caffeine could have been extracted if the tea leaves would have steeped a few minutes longer at a higher temperature. This could have been one error made while preparing to extract caffeine. During extraction process in separatory funnel‚ solvents were not mixed vigorously‚ this could result in lower surface area between the layers. The layers separated into two distinct layers‚ however‚ more time could have been allotted to ensure the water-soluble impurities were pulled away [2]. After extracted
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desired solid precipitates out. You have to dissolve a solute in a hot solvent and‚ then recrystallize the solute out of the cooled solvent. The formation of concentrated‚ pure crystals is possible in this recrystallization process if the appropriate cooling rate is applied to the solute and solvent mixture. Consequently‚ a purified‚ solid compound would be produced. Recrystallization involves dissolution of a solid in a solvent at elevated temperatures and the reformation of the crystals as the solution
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different properties of lipids 2. To know observe the solubility of lipids in polar and nonpolar solvents 3. To know the reaction of coconut oil in litmus paper 4. To form triglycerides from diverse fatty acids through saponification 5. To study the effects of complex lipids in color reactions Lipids Lipids are found to be water insoluble but they are found to be soluble in fat solvent. They are heterogeneous group of fatty acids. They include fats‚ oils‚ waxes and other related
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