Electrolytic Solutions Solutions are sometimes grouped according to their ability to conduct electricity. Substances whose solutions conduct electricity are called electrolytes and those that do not conduct electricity are called nonelectrolytes. Also electrolytes can be strong or weak. Under strong electrolytes we have NaCl and CaCl2 which are ionic compounds‚ HCI‚ HNO3‚ HBr and H2SO4 are under acids and NaOH‚ KOH‚ and LiOH are under bases. Weak electrolytes are ionic compounds and slightly
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Adol Condensation Introduction: This reaction is carried out by adding benzaldehyde and acetone into a flask. The product created is a 1‚5-diphenyl-1‚4-pentdiene-3-one‚ which includes two double bonds‚ and two benzyl ring functional groups. This is a dehydration reaction that occurs twice in order to form the diene. After obtaining the product‚ via vacuum filtration‚ it will be recrystallized and then analyzed for purity by determining both products’ melting point. The two products will be
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Aim : To prepare an ester using reflux Hypothesis : The equation was written out for the reaction and pentyl ethanoate was predicted as being the ester that would be formed. Equipment * 10 ml pentanol | * condenser | * 10 ml glacial acetic acid | * Heating Mantel | * 1 ml conc. Sulfuric acid | * Funnel | * 50 ml flask | * 15ml 1molL-1 Na2CO3 | * Boiling chips | * Seperating Funnel | * Retort Stand | * Safety Glasses | Method 1. 10 ml of Pentanol
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Resolution of α-Phenylethylamine Date of Completion of Experiment: Monday‚ November 19‚ 2012 Date Report Submitted: Monday‚ December 3‚ 2012 Objective of Experiment The objective of this experiment was to learn the process of resolution of α-phenylethylamine. Materials Compound | Molecular Weight (g/mol) | Melting Point (°C) | Amount used | Moles used | (+) Tartaric Acid | 150.087 | 171–174 | 11.9 g | 7.93 x 10-2 | (+‚-) α-phenylethylamine | 121.18 | 184-186 | 10.0 ml | 8.25 x 10-2 |
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John Heger CMY 211 Lab Section 13 11-30-2011 Borohydride Reduction of Vanillin to Vanillyl Alcohol Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to reduce vanillin to vanillyl alcohol. This lab report recaps the procedure and results of the lab. The chemical process studied in this lab was reduction‚ the process of reducing the number of bonds to oxygen and increasing the number of bonds to hydrogen. Other chemical processes included in the lab were recrystallization‚ melting point‚ and extraction
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Questions: 1. One mole of a compound A‚ with vapor pressure 400mmHg at 50oC‚ mixed with 3 moles of compound B‚ with vapor pressure 480mmHg at 50oC to form a homogeneous solution. What is the vapor pressure of mixture at 50oC? XA =moles of A\total No. of moles XA =1\4 XB=3\4 Ptotal=PAoXA+PBoXB =400*1\4 + 480*3\4 = 460mmHg 2. Why should a distilling flask be filled not less than 1\3 filled or more than 2\3 full? This is to allow the liquid being heated room to expand as it turns
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Determination of citrinin produced by P. notatum and A. nigerin liquid media The filtrates obtained from above experiment were used for extraction and estimation of citrinin. Briefly‚ the citrinin was extracted thrice with chloroform (1:1 v/v). All the three extractions were pooled and concentrated in vacuum at 40°C using a rotary evaporator. The crude extract was then diluted in minimum amount of chloroform (2ml) and citrinin was estimated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) according to Razak et
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C5-C30 n-alkanes were used to made retention indices (RI) and 2‚4‚6-trimethylpyridine (TMP‚ purity 99 %‚ I.S.) was used to internal standard which were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co.‚ Ltd (Shanghai‚ China). Mono Trap (MT) (Diameter 2.9 mm ×Length 5 mm‚ Hole Diameter 1 mm) (ODS‚ silica gel and activated carbon) was used for headspace MMSE was obtained from GL Science (Shinjuku‚ Tokyo‚ Japan). Extraction of volatile compounds Fish sauce samples were extracted volatile compounds by Monolithic
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FIGURE 18 DSC thermograms of fully cured polybenzoxazine composites: (●) heat-cured polybenzoxazine‚ (□) heat-cured 2wt% SiCw‚ (♦) heat-cured 4 wt.% SiCw‚ (▴) heat-cured 6 wt.% SiCw‚ (▾) microwave-cured 4 wt.% SiCw. Reprinted from Ref. [39]. Copyright (2014)‚ with permission from Wiley InterScience. FIGURE 19. SEM micrographs of fracture surface of SiCw-filled polybenzoxazine composites: (a) neat PBZ cured by heat‚ (b) 2 wt.% SiCw -filled PBZ cured by heat‚ (c) 4 wt.% SiCw -filled PBZ cured by
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Sugar Solution vs. Average Density The objective of this lab was to determine the percent (by mass) of sugar in a non-carbonated beverage by measuring its density and using calibration curving showing the density and concertation of standard solution. The procedure used in this experiment was 2 50mL beaker and 10-mL volumetric pipet & pipet pump. 40 mL of deionized water was poured into a 50 mL beaker. Then 10 mL of that deionized water (0% sugar solution) was pipet‚ using the volumetric pipet
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