EXAM 1 REVIEW NOTES Tuesday‚ February 18‚ 2014 8:54 PM Polakowski (Lecture 1 and 2) Human Nature/State of Nature If left to their own devices (no government)‚ how would people behave? Hobbes State of nature is a state of war There would be no regulation of goods‚ services‚ infrastructure‚ awareness of worldly surroundings‚ etc. Locke Living with no government is the proper state of nature A "common judge with authority puts all men in a state of nature" Rousseau "man has no idea
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PROPERTY LAW 2013 Contents 1. Rights Above and Below Land……………………………………………………. 3 2. Fixtures and Related Matters……………………………………………………… 7 3. Co – Ownership……………………………………………………………………. 12 4. Easements………………………………………………………………………….. 26 5. Covenants………………………………………………………………………….. 35 6. Adverse Possession………………………………………………………………... 46 7. Native Title Legislation and Indigenous Land Rights Legislation………………... 60 1. Rights Above and Below Land Cuius est solum eius usque ad coelom
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Criminal Law notes 1.Voluntary act: Status offences – no conduct is required but the crime is committed when a certain state of affair exists or the defendant is in a certain condition or is of a particular status. R v Larsonneur (1933) – Appellant was brought involuntarily back to the UK where she was charged on being an ‘alien’. LCJ Hewart claimed the ‘circumstances are perfectly immaterial’ Winzar v Chief constable of Kent (1983) – drunk on a public highway. LJ Robert Goff claimed ‘it is enough
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Chapter 14 MRP is usually practiced on items with dependent demand. (true) The Aggregate Plan‚ derived from the Master Production Schedule‚ specifies in more detail how much of each product is to be made at what time. (False) If 100 units of Q are needed and 10 are already in stock‚ gross requirement is 100 and net requirement is 90. Each R requires 4 of component S; each S requires 3 components of T. Lead time for R is 1 week. Lead time for S is two weeks. For T is 6. Lead time for R is _____
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Allowing for inflation and taxation Allowing for inflation As the inflation rate increases so will the minimum return required by an investor The nominal interest rate incorporates inflation. When the nominal rate of interest > rate of inflation = positive real rate. When the rate of inflation > nominal rate of interest = negative real rate. The relationship between real and nominal rates of interest is given by the Fisher formula: 1.2 Do we use the real rate or the nominal
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To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or the functional equivalent of a state such that failure to pay is punishable by law. Taxes are also imposed by many administrative divisions. Taxes consist of direct tax or indirect tax‚ and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent (often but not always unpaid labour). A tax may be defined as a "pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or property
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OVERVIEW OF TAXATION IN PAKISTAN TAXATION REPORT SECTION: C DATE OF SUBMISSION: NOV 6TH‚ 2012 NAMES OF GROUP MEMBERS: FIZZAH SIDDIQUI (9886) MAIMONA MOBEEN Executive summary INTRODUCTION The constitution empowers the Federal Government to collect taxes on income other than agricultural income‚ taxes on capital value‚ customs‚ excise duties and sales taxes. The Central Board of Revenue (CBR) and its subordinate departments administer the tax system
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CHAPTER 1--AN INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION AND UNDERSTANDING THE FEDERAL TAX LAWCHAPTER 1--AN INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION AND UNDERSTANDING THE FEDERAL TAX LAW Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. The ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was necessary to validate the Federal income tax on corporations. True False 2. Before the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution was ratified‚ there was no valid Federal income tax
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Summary 1. Introduction 1.1 Area and population 1.2 Constitution‚ political culture and law 1.3 Key economic indicators 1.4 Banking and finance 1.5 Currency 2. Trends in tax policy 2.1 Personal income taxes 2.2 Corporate income taxes 2.3 Other business taxes 2.4 Value added taxes 2.5 Excises 2.6 Recurrent taxes on capital 2.7 Non-recurrent taxes on capital 2.8 Compulsory social security contribution paid to government 2.9 Environmental taxes 2.10 Other taxes 3. Main drivers of
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Taxation in the Philippines From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia. Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text. (May 2013) Taxation An aspect of fiscal policy Policies[show] Government revenue Tax revenue Non-tax revenue Tax law Tax bracket Tax threshold Exemption Credit Deduction Tax shift Tax cut Tax holiday Tax
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