chalk + limestone (from calcium carbonate) - metamorphic rock has crystals - formed by heat + pressure on sedimentary rock - contains interlocking crystals - eg marble (from limestone or chalk) quarrying limestone - produces local jobs in rural areas + improves economy - quarries can be landscaped after - used 4 making cement (heated w powdered clay) - used 4 making concrete (mix cement + sand + gravel + water) - used 4 making glass (heated w sodium carbonate + sand) - all used to construct
Free Carbon dioxide Oxygen Carbon
DISSCUSION: Carbonates are decomposed by heat into the corresponding oxides and carbon dioxide. The temperature of decomposition depends upon the activity of the metal; that is to say‚ the more active the metal‚ the more stable is the carbonate. Thus‚ the carbonates of sodium and potassium are stable at the highest temperature of a Bunsen burner flame‚ whereas the carbonates of silver and copper are easily decomposed. In this experiment copper (ii) carbonate will be decomposed at a high temperature
Premium Oxygen Carbon dioxide Oxide
IGSCE Chemistry Notes Oxides Oxides are used to determine whether an element is a metal or a non-metal. Most non-metals are classed as acidic oxides. While most metals are classed as basicoxides. Acidic Oxides * Reacts with water to form acids * Neutralises alkaline solution to form salt + water Basic Oxides * Neutralises acidic solutions to form salt + water Amphoeteric Oxides * These are non-metals which display both acidic and basic properties Alkaline Oxides * Reacts
Premium Oxygen Carbon dioxide Hydrogen
acid H2S2O7 (l) + H2O (l) 2H2SO4 (l) ELECTROLYSIS of Sodium Chloride: Molten NaCl: Overall reaction: 2NaCl (l) 2Na (l) + Cl2 (g) Half-equations: 2Cl− (l) Cl2 (g) + 2e− Na+ (l) + e− Na (s) Concentrated NaCl: Half-equations: 2Cl− (aq) Cl2 (g) + 2e− 2H2O (l) + 2e− H2 (g) + 2OH− (aq) Dilute NaCl: Half-equations: 2H2O (l) O2 (g) + 4H+ (aq) + 4e− 2H2O (l) + 2e− H2 (g) + 2OH− (aq) Overall reaction: 2H2O (l) 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) Production of SODIUM HYDROXIDE: Mercury Cell: Electrolytic half-equations:
Premium Chlorine Sulfuric acid Sulfur
example in salad dressings and ice creams. Vegetable oils that are unsaturated contain double carbon carbon bonds. These can be detected by reacting with bromine or iodine. Vegetable oils that are unsaturated can be hardened by reacting them with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst at about 60 °C. The hydrogenated oils have higher melting points so they are solids at room temperature‚ making them useful as spreads and in cakes and pastries. Processed foods may contain additives to improve
Premium Chemistry Science Physics
strip of magnesium spatula NaOH HCl sodium nitrate potassium chloride. magnesium sulfate calcium nitrate sodium carbonate. Safety notes: 1. Wear aprons and goggles. Protective gloves are also available. 2.Carefully read the labels of all chemicals before use. Abide by
Premium Chlorine Chemical reaction Sodium
Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Introduction Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH‚ commonly called caustic potash. Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)‚ this colorless solid is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications. Most applications exploit its reactivity toward acids and its corrosive nature. In 2005‚ an estimated 700‚000 to 800‚000 tonnes were produced. Approximately 100 times more NaOH than KOH is produced annually. KOH is noteworthy
Premium Sodium hydroxide Potassium
Q. 1. What do you observe when ammonia gas is bubbled through red litmus solution? Q. 2. Write an equation for solutions of ammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide are heated. Q. 3.(i) What is the purpose of Haber’s Process ? (ii) Name the gaseous inputs of the Haber’s Process and state the ratio by volume in which the gases are mixed. (iii) What is done to increase the rate of reaction in the Haber Process ? (iv) Give two different ways by which the product can be separated from the reactants
Premium Ammonia Nitrogen Sulfuric acid
AIM: To perform and observe the following reactions and classify them into: (i) Combination reaction (action of water on quick lime) (ii) Decomposition reaction (action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals) (iii) Displacement reaction (iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution) (vi)Double decomposition reaction (reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride) APPARATUS REQUIRED: 1. A rack of at least six clean test tubes and a boiling tube (hard glass test tube) 2.
Premium Hydrochloric acid Sodium bicarbonate Sodium hydroxide
(s) Reaction with hydrogen element + hydrogen → hydride e.g. Ca (s) + H2 (g) → CaH2 (s) Reaction between an oxide and water metallic oxide + water → hydroxide * metallic oxide is also known as “basic oxide” e.g. Na2O (s) + H2O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) non-metallic oxide + water → acid * non-metallic oxide is known as “acidic oxide” e.g. SO2 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO3 (aq) Reaction between active metals and water active metal + water (liquid or gas) → hydroxide + hydrogen gas e.g. 2K (s) + 2H2O
Premium Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon dioxide