P4 four key methods used to protect the natural environment from the impact of construction Minimisation of pollution Pollution has a marked effect upon the environment as well as on our health and well-being. There are several ways to minimise pollution including: * Fitting fume scrubbers to chimney outputs to remove solids and any pollutant chemicals that would be realised into the air. * Treating water of foul drainage before it is discharged into sea outfalls to reduce the effects
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Cost Theory in Economics A central economic concept is that getting something requires giving up something else. For example‚ earning more money may require working more hours‚ which costs more leisure time. Economists use cost theory to provide a framework for understanding how individuals and firms allocate resources in such a way that keeps costs low and benefits high. 1. Function * Economists view costs as what an individual or firm must give up to get something else. Opening a
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in construction‚ real estate and related industries and analyzing the marketing strategy of the company ‘ENKA’ upon its level of commitment to CSR. For: CEM Assignments Office Date: 27/02/2013 From: Deniz Berkan Unsal Moscow‚ Russian Federation List of Contents 1.0 Summary 2.0 Question 1: Discussing the issues involved in CSR‚ and giving examples illustrating the benefits and limitations of making a commitment to CSR from the point of view of organizations in the construction‚ real
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Old School Modular construction has been around since the early 1900’s in the form of prefabrication but the way it is used has changed. Modular construction uses many trades to build a portion of the entire construct off site‚ such as complete walls with insulation‚ sheet rock and electrical compared to the traditional prefabrication that utilized only one trade. Due to the repetitive nature in commercial buildings‚ these are the most desired for this form of construction. Based on a survey of
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THE MANAGEMENT OF OVERHEAD COSTS IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES Brian Eksteen1 and David Rosenberg² ¹Professor of Construction Management‚ Faculty of Economic and Building Sciences‚ University of Port Elizabeth‚ P.O. Box 1600‚ Port Elizabeth‚ 6000‚ South Africa ²Senior Lecturer in Cost and Management Accounting‚ Faculty of Economic and Building Sciences‚ University of Port Elizabeth‚ P.O. Box 1600‚ Port Elizabeth‚ 6000‚ South Africa Costs not directly attributable to or recoverable from production
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manufacturing or trading‚ require cost accounting to track their activities.[1] Cost accounting has long been used to help managers understand the costs of running a business. Modern cost accounting originated during the industrial revolution‚ when the complexities of running a large scale business led to the development of systems for recording and tracking costs to help business owners and managers make decisions. In the early industrial age‚ most of the costs incurred by a business were what modern
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PROJECT CONSTRUCTION PLANNING: CONSTRUCTION OF A CONCRETE BRIDGE Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Overview PAGEREF _Toc364683901 \h 3Details PAGEREF _Toc364683902 \h 3Critical path analysis PAGEREF _Toc364683903 \h 5Planning assumptions PAGEREF _Toc364683904 \h 5Analysis PAGEREF _Toc364683905 \h 5Diagram analysis PAGEREF _Toc364683906 \h 5 Overview The aim of this task is to provide project management services for the construction of a concrete bridge for a motorway project. A list of activities
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WHAT IS ECO FRIENDLY CONST Eco-friendly‚ or ecological‚ construction is building a structure that is beneficial or non-harmful to the environment‚ and resource efficient. Otherwise known as green building‚ this type of construction is efficient in its use of local and renewable materials‚ and in the energy required to build it‚ and the energy generated while being within it.Eco-friendly construction has developed in response to the knowledge that buildings have an often negative impact upon our
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Classify each cost listed below as either a product cost or a period cost for purposes of preparing the financial statements for the bank. 1. The cost of the memory chips used in radar set. * Product Cost 2. Factory Heating Cost * Period Cost 3. Factory Equipment maintenance costs. * Period Cost 4. Training costs for new administrative employees * Period Costs 5. The cost of the solder that is used in assembling the radar sets. * Product costs 6. The Travel
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7.5 Building regulations 7.6 Sampling and testing 7.7 Health and Safety 7.8 Achieved at this stage 8.0 Technical design 8.1 Overview of stage 8.2 Implications on design 9.0 Production phase 9.1 Overview of stage 9.2 Design implications 10 Other construction projects 2 1.0 Introduction The aim of this report is to explain to the client how the design process for the proposed project is likely to progress. This report will explain the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the design
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