------------------------------------------------- Etymology Main article: Name of Syria The name Syria is derived from the ancient Greek name for Syrians: Σύριοι‚ Sýrioi‚ or Σύροι‚ Sýroi‚ which the Greeks applied without distinction to theAssyrians.[16][17] A number of modern scholars argued that the Greek word related to the cognate Ἀσσυρία‚ Assyria‚ ultimately derived from the AkkadianAššur.[18] Others believed that it was derived from Siryon‚ the name that the Sidonians gave to Mount Hermon
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of Mecca. During the empire there were two different groups that ruled. First‚ there was the Umayyad Caliphate which ruled from 661 to 750. Their capital was Damascus. The empire ruled land from Spain to India. Then‚ the Abbasid Caliphate overthrew the Umayyad. The Abbasid Caliphate are the descendants of Muhammad’s uncle‚ Al-Abbas. They ruled for a long time from 750 to 1258. In the 9th century the Abbasid Caliphate suffered a crisis. The Caliph lost trust generals and troops in areas. So‚ the Caliph
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Ancient Beginnings The Byzantine Empire during most of its history was one of the most influential empires in the Mediterranean. However‚ to find out how everything started‚ we need to go back to 657 BC‚ when the Greeks founded the colony of Byzantium or Byzantion along the European side of the Bosphorus Strait‚ which would become Constantinople (now Istanbul)‚ the capital of the Byzantine Empire. This land would later be incorporated into the Roman Empire. In 330 AD‚ Roman Emperor‚ Constantine the
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established its foothold in the Indo-Pak Sub-continent in the beginning of 8th Century A.D. It was during the rule of sixth Umayyad caliph‚ Walid bin Abdul Malak (705-715 A.D)‚ when an overarching incidence of ship looting occurred near Debal‚ a sea port. The ships‚ carrying widows and children of deceased Arab soldiers‚ sent by the king of Ceylon (present day Sri-Lanka) to the Umayyad Governor‚ Hajjaj bin Yousef‚ of Baghdad were ransacked by a contingent of ferocious Hindu pirates. Hajjaj sent his emissary
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Regional Interactions (600 to 1450 CE) A THUMBNAIL VIEW • As in the previous chapter‚ this time period witnessed a tremendous growth in long-distance trade due to improvements in technology. Trade through the Silk Road‚ the Indian Ocean‚ the trans-Saharan trade route‚ and the Mediterranean Sea led to the spread of ideas‚ religions‚ and technology. During the period known as Pax Mongolia‚ when peace and order were established in Eurasia due to the vast Mongol Empire‚ trade and cultural interaction
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pilgrimage to visit it pay a stipulated tax to the Muslims. * Which statement concerning Jerusalem‚ according to Ibn Battuta‚ is most correct? * Another name for Yathrib is Medina. * A pilgrimage to Mecca is called Hajj. * The second dynasty of the expanding Muslim empire was
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II.The decline of the Ghaznavids and rise of the Seljuk empire‚ 1040-1200 it was a new dynasty that was no longer run by a caliphate or family member of a religious background it was run by the sultan. The relationship of the sultan and the caliph relationship started when the Turks entered Islam. The caliphate‚ was replaced by a new institution the sultan. The Turks were brought in to fight in the military by them either being slaves or adventurers. Through their service they became excellent soldiers
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dd 101 College Parkway - Florestano Bldg. 202A ( Arnold‚ Maryland 21012 office (410) 777-7063; fax (410) 777-7054 HLS/HIS 261—History of the Middle East--Online Spring Semester 2013 Course Syllabus and General Information Course Description: The History of the Middle East course will explore processes of change and broad continuities in Middle Eastern history‚ demonstrating how change and continuity have influenced the region from the era immediately preceding the Prophet
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Moses: He is the most important figure in Judaism‚ believed to have written the Torah (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible). Moses is an important prophet in both Christianity and Islam. 30. Ottoman Turks: Turkish group ruled by the Ottoman dynasty; formed an empire that lasted from about 1300 to 1922 31. Patriarch: a man considered the father or founder of a family‚ race‚ or religion 32. Political Focus: forms of government‚ revolutions‚ legal systems‚ war and
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13th century. The construction of the Great Mosque lasted over two centuries‚ starting in 786 AD under the supervision of the emir of Carboda‚ Abd ar-Rahman I. Early in the history of Islam‚ Abd al-Rahman(731-788) was a member of the Umayyad dynasty who survived the Abbasid revole and escaped from Syria to southern Spain‚ where he found a new kingdom. In 786‚ he began to built the Great Mosque – an great example of the congregational mosque style. The congretional mosque style or Friday mosque was inspired
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