How do ionic compounds form? How do electrons change the shape of a molecule? These are just a couple of the questions that this paper will answer. How do ionic compounds form? Ionic compounds are formed by positive and negative ions. An ionic bond means that there are valence electrons being shared between the two molecules. This can cause the molecule to become negative or positively charged. An ionic compound is formed by the complete transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal and the resulting
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in shape. when individual sodium and chlorine atoms associate‚ an electron transfer will occur. The sodium atom contains a single electron in the valence energy level (the outermost electron orbit) and the chlorine atom contains seven electrons in its valence energy level‚ leaving an empty space for an eighth electron. Electrostatic forces cause the sodium atom to lose the extra electron. The chlorine atom attracts the free electron‚ creating a positively charged sodium ion (Na+)‚ normally referred
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involves the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms. Translation: -Ionic bonding happens between a metal and a non-metal (east coast and west coast) -One atom completely donates its valence electrons to another atom -Metals become CATIONS (positive charge/oxidation state); Non-metals become ANIONS (negative charge/oxidation state) Example: Na + Cl → Na+Cl- or Mg + O → Mg2+O2- -In covalent bonding one atom completely shares its valence electrons with another atom (west
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protons‚ electrons‚ and neutrons. Protons carry a positive electrical charge‚ electrons carry a negative electrical charge‚ and neutrons carry no electrical charge at all. The protons and neutrons come together in the central part of the atom‚ called the nucleus‚ and the electrons ’orbit’ the nucleus in the electron cloud. An element is a substance that is made entirely from one type of atom. For example‚ the element hydrogen is made from atoms containing a single proton and a single electron. If you
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current density is non-zero‚ unlike an insulator‚ yet still several magnitudes smaller than that of a conductor. There exists a significant energy gap between the filled valence – highest range of electron energies normally present at absolute zero – and empty conduction bands – range of energies which are enough to unbind the electron from the atom and allow it to move freely within the atomic lattice – in a semiconductor‚ unlike a conductor which has very small or no band gaps and/or an insulator which
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are electronic neutral. Covalent bonds are bonds that don’t give or take any electrons. In stead they share the elctrons 50) Which of these compounds contain elements that do not follow the octet rule? Explain. a) NF3: 5 + (7*3) = 26 b) PCl2F3: 5 + (7*2) + (7*3) = 40 c) SF4: 6 + (7 *4) = 24 d) SCl2: 6 + (7*2) = 20 The answer is “d” because it does not have eight valence electrons. 64) Explain why each electron structure is incorrect. Replace each structure with one that is more acceptable
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Organic Compounds – compounds of carbon and hydrogen. Other elements frequently found in organic compounds are: oxygen‚ nitrogen and halogens (F‚ Cl‚ Br‚ I); less frequently found are: sulfur and phosphorus. Review Periodic Table for determining valence (ability to form a fixed number of bonds). “Organic elements” can form the following number of bonds: Element # of bonds H 1 C 4 N 3 O 2 Hal 1 Carbon may form a single‚ double and triple bonds to another carbon: C C C C C C
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03.03: Periodic Trends Describe and explain the trends for effective nuclear charge‚ atomic radius‚ ionic radius‚ and ionization energy across a period and down a group. -Effective Nuclear Charge- the charge (from the nucleus) felt by the valence electrons after you have taken into account the number of
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Decide how many valence (outer shell) electrons are posessed by each atom in the molecule. 2. If there is more than one atom type in the molecule‚ put the most metallic or least electronegative atom in the center. Recall that electronegativity decreases as atom moves further away from fluorine on the periodic chart. Arrangement of atoms in CO2: 3. Arrange the electrons so that each atom contributes one electron to a single bond between each atom. 4. Count the electrons around each atom:
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negative electrical charge is electrons. 3. A subatomic particle which is electrically neutral is neutrons. 4. The nucleus of an atom is made up of _protons_ and _neutrons. 5. The number of electrons forming a charge cloud around the nucleus is (pick one of the following) greater than; equal to; smaller than the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. 6. The atomic number of potassium (3919K) is_19_. This means that a potassium atom has _19 protons and 19_ electrons. 7. What is the atomic mass
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