emitted due to an atom’s electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. Since each element has different numbers of electrons‚ each element’s emission spectrum is different. This allows elements to be identified by their color during a flame test. For example‚ it is know that a sodium cation burns a yellow-orange color. The normal electron configuration of atoms or ions of an element is known as the ground state. In this energy state‚ all electrons are at their most stable
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Review of Related Literature Group 2 (IV-Assumption) Background information: (Local) Based on http://www.zamboanga.com‚ Caringo ‚ Mercedes‚ Camarines Norte‚ Philippines is experiencing too many black outs‚ they also state that they don’t rely on Diesel fuel and coal for their Electricity‚ because in their place there are many renewable and sustainable source of energy like Hydro Power‚ Solar Power‚ and Wind Power. Background information: (Foreign) According to http://www.bbc.co.uk Peru is also
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are created by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. In this process of electron transfer‚ each atom becomes a ion that is isoelectronic with the nearest noble gas.‚ the substance is held together by electrostatic forces between the ions. The tendency for these ions to be formed by elements is corespondent to the octet rule‚ when atoms react‚‚ they tend to do so in such a way that they attain an outer shell containing eight electrons. The factors that effect the formation of
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when we get there. Matter is composed of atoms. Atomic nuclei are tightly bound protons and neutrons (1H excepted) with electrons hanging out in the electron clouds around them. Also‚ there are chemical bonds between atoms in a lot of different kinds of matter. These bonds involve the borrowing and loaning of electrons (the so-called ionic bonds) or the sharing of electrons (the so-called covalent bonds). That’s matter‚ and now we’re going to see what happens when we shoot stuff at it. Incoming
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photon interactions throughout the radiologic field. These are produced when matter and excited electrons interact with each other at the same level. The photons are able to penetrate through matter without a big interaction due to the energy being absorbed in matter. The photons in this interaction are the x-ray and gamma photons. Their lives are ended when they give off their energy to an electron in need. This interaction along with the other interactions are very important‚ especially for the
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allowed l: angular momentum‚ orbital shape‚ integers from 0 to n-1 allowed ml: magnetic moment‚ orientation in space of orbital‚ integers from -l to +l allowed ms: spin‚ shows electrons in orbital‚ ± ½ allowed Orbitals p orbital l = 1 All have a specific orientation in space (x‚ y‚ z) Electron spends equal amount of time in both lobes‚ nucleus at node Shading shows positive and negative values of wavefunction (assymetrical with respect to inversion d orbital l
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Lab: Flame Test Purpose: to determine the ID of 2 unknown substances Background Information: Every atom consists of a nucleus with tiny electrons whizzing around it. The further away from the nucleus they are‚ the more energy the electrons have. If a metal atom is heated‚ the electrons get enough energy to jump higher away from the nucleus‚ they become “excited”. When they fall back closer to the nucleus (back to their ground state)‚ they give off this extra energy as light. Why is the
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carrying out processing and data storage on the same chip)‚ investigators have been eager to exploit another property of the electron—a characteristic known as spin. Spin is a purely quantum phenomenon roughly akin to the spinning of a child’s top or the directional behavior of a compass needle. The top could spin in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction; electrons have spin of a sort in which their compass needles can point either “up” or “down” in relation to a magnetic field. Spin
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Jo Adrian P. del Mundo CN 08 3S (A) August 1‚ 2013 Atomic Models The Electron Cloud Model - an atom is comprised of a nucleus made up of neutrons and protons‚ and electrons moving extremely fast around the nucleus‚ forming an electron cloud instead of moving in orbits like what Bohr’s model suggests - proposed by Erwin Schrodinger in 1926‚ when he derived this model using a mathematical equation that he himself made http://1.bp.blogspot.com
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* Proposed that an atom was a positively charged empty sphere containing negatively charged electrons raisin scone analogy What Thompson left us with? * Atoms consist of negative electrons embedded within a positively charged sphere * Analogy of raisin bun often used Milikin’s Famous Oil Drop Experiment * Determined size and charge on electron * Discovered charge on single electron was 1.6 x 10^19 C How it worked? * Knew mass of single drop of oil‚ calculated gravity on
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