Antibacterial Properties of Bivalve Clams vs Crustaceans
Investigating which marine animal has the highest level of chitosan through their anti-bacterial properties. SMTP Research Paper
Hwa Chong Institution (High School)
Mentor: Mr. Chew Tyng Yong
Abstract
Mollusks and Crustaceans can be found vastly around the world. Arthropods have 1,170,000 described species, and account for over 80% of all known living animal species and Mollusca being the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. With such diversity of these marine animals, the answer to many diseases are waiting to be discovered through the discovery of new bioactive compounds in them such as Chitin. It is proven that Chitin has antibacterial properties and can be found in many species such as ciliates, amoebae, crustaceans and mollusks. Today, there is a demand for biodiversity in the screening programs seeking medications from natural products, resulting in huge interest being shown towards marine organisms. Therefore, our project aims to come up with results so as to cater to this demand by researching on the antibacterial properties of mollusks and crustaceans. This is done by first blending the shells of lala clams, blood cockles, mussels, prawns, crayfish and flower crab. They will then be immersed in diluted sodium hydroxide at 85 celcius. Next, the shells are then washed with di-ionized water and demineralized to remove calcium carbonate by treating them in diluted hydrochloric acid at room temperature. In the 2nd phase, chitin will then be dissolved in less than 40% of Sodium Hydroxide, and heated to 90celcius which will convert the Chitin into Chitosan upon dissolving. The third phase will take place over 3 days. The nutrient broth and nutrient agar will be prepared first. On the 2nd day, the bacteria broth will be prepared prior to an overnight culture on the same day using E-Coli and M.Luteus. On the 3rd day, the Anti-bacterial well diffusion test will be carried out. Finally, we will
Hwa Chong Institution (High School)
Mentor: Mr. Chew Tyng Yong
Abstract
Mollusks and Crustaceans can be found vastly around the world. Arthropods have 1,170,000 described species, and account for over 80% of all known living animal species and Mollusca being the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. With such diversity of these marine animals, the answer to many diseases are waiting to be discovered through the discovery of new bioactive compounds in them such as Chitin. It is proven that Chitin has antibacterial properties and can be found in many species such as ciliates, amoebae, crustaceans and mollusks. Today, there is a demand for biodiversity in the screening programs seeking medications from natural products, resulting in huge interest being shown towards marine organisms. Therefore, our project aims to come up with results so as to cater to this demand by researching on the antibacterial properties of mollusks and crustaceans. This is done by first blending the shells of lala clams, blood cockles, mussels, prawns, crayfish and flower crab. They will then be immersed in diluted sodium hydroxide at 85 celcius. Next, the shells are then washed with di-ionized water and demineralized to remove calcium carbonate by treating them in diluted hydrochloric acid at room temperature. In the 2nd phase, chitin will then be dissolved in less than 40% of Sodium Hydroxide, and heated to 90celcius which will convert the Chitin into Chitosan upon dissolving. The third phase will take place over 3 days. The nutrient broth and nutrient agar will be prepared first. On the 2nd day, the bacteria broth will be prepared prior to an overnight culture on the same day using E-Coli and M.Luteus. On the 3rd day, the Anti-bacterial well diffusion test will be carried out. Finally, we will
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