Ap Psychology Chapter 1 Summary

Psychology Chapter One
October 6, 2013

• What Is Psychology o Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes, and has many specialties.
 Psychology: Three Branches
• Experimental Psychology: The smallest of the three groups; perform most of the research.
• Teachers of Psychology: Found at colleges and universities, where their assignments typically involve not only teaching but also research and publication.
• Applied Psychology: This branch uses the knowledge obtained by experimental psychologists to help people with problems. o Industrial an Organizational are known for the personal selection in a work environment to insure peak productivity and morale.

o Sports psychologists aid athletes in bettering
• Is the claim reasonable or extreme?
• What is the evidence?
• Could bias pollute the conclusion?
• Does the reasoning avoid misleading ideas?
• Does the issue require multible viewpoints?
• Core Concept o Separation of Mind and Body and the Modern Biological Perspective.17th-century philosopher René Descartes proposed a new idea: a difference between the spiritual mind and the physical body.
 Six main viewpoints of modern psychology
• Biological: personalities, preferences, behavior patterns, and abilities all stem from our physical makeup.( Rene Descartes)
• Cognitive: Methods of science are used to objectively measure and study the mind.( Wilhelm Wundt and William James)
• Behavioral: Our environment and the previous consequences determine behavior.( John Watson and B.F. Skinner)
• Whole-person o Psychodynamic: The unconscious mind. () o Humanistic: To fulfill our best potential.( Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow) o Trait and temperament: Unique personality characteristics. (Ancient Greeks)
• Developmental: The interaction of heredity and environment. (Mary Ainsworth, Jean Piaget)
• Sociocultural: Social and cultural influences determine behavior. (Stanley Milgram, Philip
Test subjects are told of the deception as soon as possible without affecting the experiments outcome. They are debriefed after the study to make sure they will not have any bad effects. Most psychologists are against opposed to the use of deception.
 Animal Studies: Some animals make appealing research subjects because of their simple of their nervous systems. When the research involves pain or damaging procedures some people feel that guidelines should be stricter, especially using apes. Others believe that bans should apply to all animal research.

Works Cited

Psychology : Core Concepts / Philip G. Zimbardo, Robert L. Johnson, Vivian McCann. -- 7th ed.
Psychology. I. Johnson, Robert L. (Robert Lee) II. McCann, Vivian. III.
American Psychological Association, 2007b; Johnson &
Rudmann, 2004
Kohout & Wicherski, 2000; Wicherski et al., 2009
Knapp & VandeCreek, 2003; Smith, 2003a, b)
Baumrind, 1985; Ortmann & Hertwig, 1997
Novak & Suomi, 1988
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/explorers/bios/jane-goodall/