Ap Psychology Final Exam Answers

Final Exam Study Guide
Paragraph 1- Module 1A on Psychology Perspectives and Ethics in Research
In this module I had been taught the different Psychologists who came up with many different research experiments to educate students like myself today. Abraham Maslow believed that every human being desired fulfillment of needs such as being fed, nourished, warm, and secure; how we can be self-actualization and be who we want to be. There are five different approaches that he/she can come across. Behavioral approach understands the behavior by biological processes in which associates with behavior that include the brain, nervous system, genetics, and more. The cognitive approach is a psychological view that focuses on how people process,
Sensorimotor and pre operational are the first two stages. Sensorimotor stage begins at birth and ends through age 2. During this stage, children learn object permanence which means children are able to understand that an object is still there even though they cannot see it anymore. Preoperational stage begins from age 2 and ends around age 7. During this stage, they experience egocentrism which means they have an inability to understand others viewpoint from theirs. There are four stages of language development, babbling which begins around 0-4 months, one word which begins around 1 year, two words which begin around 18 months, and multiple word sentences and this starts around 2 years of age. The next two stages are concrete operational and formal operational. Concrete operational occurs at ages 7-11 and is when they can think logically about objects and events and they can achieve conservation of numbers. Formal operational occurs around ages 11 years and older and they think logically about proportions and test hypothesis while becoming hypothetical and ideological about problems. Another psychologist, Erik Erikson, was best known for the psychosocial stages of development which outlines the personality development from birth to old age. There are eight psychosocial stages; the first is trust vs. mistrust and develops from birth to age one and is the most fundamental stage in one's life. An infant is entirely dependent on the caregiver's quality of care. The next stage is autonomy vs. shame/doubt and this is where children ages 18 months to 2 start to feel greater self-control and start potty training, toy preferences, clothing selection, and food choices all allow them to feel greater personal sense of acknowledge. Initiative vs. guilt is the third stage that occurs around ages