BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH OR THE SOCIAL SCIENCE MOVEMENT
BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH OR THE SOCIAL SCIENCE MOVEMENT
Due to the fact that the classical and human relation approaches ignored the impact of social relations and of formal structure respectively, the behavioural perspective fused these approaches and added propositions drawn from psychology, sociology, political science, and economics. Such an approach differs from other behavioural sciences in its subject matter; worker behaviour in formal organizations.
The pioneer of the behavioural approach to management was Chester Bernard (1938) who emphasized the need for a systematic approach and conceptual scheme of administrative behaviour. Herbert Simon (1947) extended the work of Bernard to talk about exchange theory in organizations. He viewed organizations as exchanging system where people exchange what they have for what they want, he also saw administration as rational decision-making which constitutes an important function of the administrator. Max Weber (1910) integrated his idea of bureaucracy in his inclination towards the scientific movement.
Following the social science movement, a lot of administrative theories were advanced among which are;
1. The Theory of Organizational Behaviour
This theory of organizational behaviour seeks to describe, understand and predict human behaviour in an environment of formal organization. A social system consists of individual who act together and share a mutual relationship in the same physical condition or environment in an attempt to achieve an established common goal.
The dynamic interaction of people with varying personalities within an organizational set up (as in the school system) is a domain of social process theory. Arinze (1998) in Eneasator and Nduka went further to buttress that people within an organization have definite roles to perform, and many factors that interact help to determine precisely what kind of performance each role will receive. Each individual must interpret his role and this interpretation
Due to the fact that the classical and human relation approaches ignored the impact of social relations and of formal structure respectively, the behavioural perspective fused these approaches and added propositions drawn from psychology, sociology, political science, and economics. Such an approach differs from other behavioural sciences in its subject matter; worker behaviour in formal organizations.
The pioneer of the behavioural approach to management was Chester Bernard (1938) who emphasized the need for a systematic approach and conceptual scheme of administrative behaviour. Herbert Simon (1947) extended the work of Bernard to talk about exchange theory in organizations. He viewed organizations as exchanging system where people exchange what they have for what they want, he also saw administration as rational decision-making which constitutes an important function of the administrator. Max Weber (1910) integrated his idea of bureaucracy in his inclination towards the scientific movement.
Following the social science movement, a lot of administrative theories were advanced among which are;
1. The Theory of Organizational Behaviour
This theory of organizational behaviour seeks to describe, understand and predict human behaviour in an environment of formal organization. A social system consists of individual who act together and share a mutual relationship in the same physical condition or environment in an attempt to achieve an established common goal.
The dynamic interaction of people with varying personalities within an organizational set up (as in the school system) is a domain of social process theory. Arinze (1998) in Eneasator and Nduka went further to buttress that people within an organization have definite roles to perform, and many factors that interact help to determine precisely what kind of performance each role will receive. Each individual must interpret his role and this interpretation
References: Aderounmu W.O. and Ehiametalor E.T. (1981), Introduction to Administration of schools in Nigeria, Ibadan: Evans Brothers (Nigeria Publishers) Ltd. Adesina Segun (1990), Educational Management Enugu: Fourth Dimension Publishing Co Arinze F.O.M. (1998) in Eneasator G.O. & Nduka G.C., Educational Administration and Supervision, Abuja: International Academy Publishers. Bosah H.O Drucker P.F. (1974), Management: Tasks, Responsibilities. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Incorporated. Eneasator G.O Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004), National Policy on Education, Lagos: Federal Ministry of Education. Gullick L and Urwick L Koontz, H.O. and Weihrich .H. (1980). Management Aukland: McGraw-Hill International Book Company. Owens R.G