bibo
Classical Approach
• Organisation in terms of purpose and formal structure
• Emphasis on:
1. Purpose (tend to plan ahead)
2. Formal Structure (follow a set of technical requirements of the organizations) 3. Hierachy of management
4. Common principles (incorporating what was known as the basics of management and organisation)
Classical writers dating back to the end of the last century have their own specific set of principles but Mooney and Reiley set out common principles that relates to all types of organizations as following:
• Principle of Co-ordination a need to act in unity and have discipline
• Scalar Principle a hierachy in organization
• Functional Principle deals with specialisation of duties
Classical writers has been criticised for not taking into account of personality factors, primarily due to the lack of control over their environment, linking back to the scalar principle of having a system of hierachy in the workplace. Because of the lack of consideration in employee’s emotions, doubt has been expressed towards the effectiveness and productivity.
In the classical approach, there are two sub-groups known as ‘bureaucracy’ and ‘scientific management’.
Bureaucracy is a form of structure found in many large-scale organizations. Although its important in the development of the organization theory, its studied as a different apporach. It relates to the power, authority and a mean of introducing order and rationaity into social life.
Scientific mangement is a belief that there is a ‘one-best-way’ to complete the task and each job can be broken down then rearrange into the most efficient working method.
Today, this approach is generally only used to test the effectiveness of the design of the organization.
Human relations approach.
1. Concept: management approach that focuses on behavior of employees within an organization. In other word, it is “humans without organization”.
2. History:
• Organisation in terms of purpose and formal structure
• Emphasis on:
1. Purpose (tend to plan ahead)
2. Formal Structure (follow a set of technical requirements of the organizations) 3. Hierachy of management
4. Common principles (incorporating what was known as the basics of management and organisation)
Classical writers dating back to the end of the last century have their own specific set of principles but Mooney and Reiley set out common principles that relates to all types of organizations as following:
• Principle of Co-ordination a need to act in unity and have discipline
• Scalar Principle a hierachy in organization
• Functional Principle deals with specialisation of duties
Classical writers has been criticised for not taking into account of personality factors, primarily due to the lack of control over their environment, linking back to the scalar principle of having a system of hierachy in the workplace. Because of the lack of consideration in employee’s emotions, doubt has been expressed towards the effectiveness and productivity.
In the classical approach, there are two sub-groups known as ‘bureaucracy’ and ‘scientific management’.
Bureaucracy is a form of structure found in many large-scale organizations. Although its important in the development of the organization theory, its studied as a different apporach. It relates to the power, authority and a mean of introducing order and rationaity into social life.
Scientific mangement is a belief that there is a ‘one-best-way’ to complete the task and each job can be broken down then rearrange into the most efficient working method.
Today, this approach is generally only used to test the effectiveness of the design of the organization.
Human relations approach.
1. Concept: management approach that focuses on behavior of employees within an organization. In other word, it is “humans without organization”.
2. History: