Business Proposal: Personal Touch Home Care
Business Proposal
Home care is the assessment of services which are coordinated to fit the individual who is receiving the care and families in a home setting in which it helps to improve their health and well-being. Services in the home, ranges from maintenance and preventive, this helps to support clients to live independently because it helps to prevent to their health situation from deteriorating. Welcome to Personal Touch Home Health Care, we are located on 29501 Greenfield Rd. Southfield, MI 48076, our office hours to serve the public is on Monday through Friday from 9am to 5pm, we also have 24 hour after hour home care service available. Mission Statement: Personal Touch Home Health Care is wholeheartedly dedicated to providing quality services to our clients and families. Our goal is to support our clients with recovery, or to achieve independence at home with comfortable and familiar surroundings. Personal Touch compassionate, competent, and ethical staff operate with our clients need. We will continue to challenge and enhance the company’s standards of care while maintaining our integrity as we strive for excellence. …show more content…
Market Structure Competitive Market: To provide personal care and support services by a suitably qualified staff in accordance with a care plan developed by a Nursing Supervisor and/or Director of Nursing and agreed upon by client/client’s guardian or case manager.
The scope of services pertaining to the care plan will be reviewed periodically and revised as needed based on the client’s health. The plan of care is discussed with the care providers, such as Home Health Aides (HHA) and Registered Nurses (RN) prior to the onset of care and will include, but not limited to the
following:
Personal Care Services
Assisting the client to maintain personal hygiene.
Assisting the client with ambulation and exercise, as appropriate.
Assisting with ADL’s.
Planning and preparing meals.
Maintaining a healthy, safe environment.
Performing certain treatments when ordered by the physician, and approved, instructed, and supervised by the Registered Nurse (a therapist may be the appropriate supervisor in some cases).
Reporting to the Nurse Supervisor, any change in the client’s mental or physical condition or in the home situation.
Documenting clinical notes.
Support Services
24 hour live in support.
Meal preparation.
Errands.
Laundry.
Housekeeping.
Reporting to the Nurse Supervisor any change in client condition.
Documentation in clinical notes.
These tasks mentioned above are to be performed by a HHA; however, the task must be assigned by a registered nurse and in compliance with a plan of care to provide services to clients with complex care needs. Under no circumstances should a HHA be assigned any responsibilities related to any invasive procedures involving the use of a tracheostomy, enemas, feeding tubes or Foley catheters, or any other sterile procedures unless they have been instructed by an RN on a procedure and can return a correct demonstration.
Elasticity of the Service
The demand for Home Health Care is considered to be “elastic” because there is a huge market for it, and it will only get larger as time goes on because many seniors will tell you that they feel comfortable in their own home. “The Michigan Quality Home Care Campaign is urging Michigan lawmakers to support the proposed funding increase and protect citizens ' rights to stay in their own homes and receive supports” (Michigan quality home care campaign, 2006). The need for workers is high because Home Health Aides (HHA) are needed in the efforts of helping to keep seniors and the disabled out of nursing homes as researchers have said. Home health care use to be the type of business in the area that was just enough to go around to everyone who had an interest in starting an agency.
However, this service has had a high demand of interest in having a business of this kind; though, it has caused many business to lose in the market share as well as losing staff due to the high demand and competition in home care. Many home care agencies accept Medicare and private insurance, but when you are in a range of service that has high competition and market you must think of ways to differentiate and/or brand yourself from other companies like your own by developing additional lines of business, such as developing a private pay option. One of the best ways to deal with competition in home health care is to value the customers you have, and the new customers to come. Because being in a field of service such as this, you should know that the consumer has a choice to go to another agency at any time and for any reason. As a home care agency, we must listen to needs of the community in terms of services of what they are looking for from a business such as this.
Pricing
The uniqueness of my home care agency will be called Personal Touch Home Healthcare in which we will offer personalized care to meet the needs of the client. We can help our clients accomplish their recovery goals achieve the highest quality of life. Our team will work to foster independence, freedom, and promote “healing in the home” that may be beneficial to you and your family in their place of residence. Our home health aides will be professional and experienced caregivers who are skilled in attending to every one of our client’s needs. Every employee must pass a pre-employment skill level assessment as a thorough background and reference check. My business Personal Touch Home Healthcare will provide services to all persons without regard to race, age, religion, color, sex, creed, national origin, military status, handicap (mental or physical), communicable disease, marital status, status with regard to public assistance or veteran status or application. We will compete with other home health care companies by hiring staff who has a high quality of experience and/or personal experience with the following type of people:
Elderly
Diabetes
Mentally and Physically challenged
Strokes
Homebound Individuals
Spinal Cord Injuries
Burn Traumas
Traumatic brain injuries
The other ways we will compete with other companies such as this, is by providing services to customers up to 24 hours per day and 7 days a week and by serving all of the counties in the State of Michigan in Macomb, Oakland, Washtenaw, Genesee, and Wayne County. “ECCA has long maintained that care homes play a vital role in our national health and social care system; in particular, providing services to ensure people receive care and support 24 hours a day, every day of the year” (Mackay, 2004). We will market ourselves in a way to tell people, “why pay lengthy staying hospital bills, where there is a way to be cost effective alternative” by working with us because services can be paid by:
Department of Human Services
Medicare
Auto & Private Insurance Plans
Private Sectors
Long-Term Care Insurance
Private Payment
So when the time comes for a possible customer to choose home healthcare services, we hope that they will give us the opportunity to serve them by providing quality care at the patient’s doorstep by helping them towards a healthier tomorrow.
Pricing Decisions
“The costs concerning additional employee benefits that exclude the four main insurance fees include expenses for group activities, staff clothing, communication, taxes, sanitation, payment commission, educational training, document copying, entertainment, events, consumable supplies, and research” (Ryu, Ho-Sihn, 2009).
The number of people needed to provide services consist of the following number of employees, an:
President/CEO
Chief Operating Officer>>>>Chief Operating Officer >>>> >>>>Human Resource Associates>>>>
Medical Records/Data Processing>>>> >>>>Medical Records/Data Processing Assistants>>>> >>>>>Network Administrator>>>>>Couriers>>>>> >>>>>>Staffing Coordinators/Schedulers
General Counsel
Administrative of Clinical Services
Administrative Assistant
Receptionist
Director of Nursing >>>>> Medical Secretary
Clinical Supervisors
RN’s/LPN’s
CNA’s/HHA’s/Companions
Rehabilitation Therapist
Social Worker & Registered Dietician
In reference to billing/rates, the client should understand that care provided will be billed to an insurance carrier, which may include but is not limited to: auto no-fault, workers’ compensation, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Medicaid, and/or other private insurance carriers. Where there is no other insurance or responsible party, bills for services provided will be directed to the Client. As of the date of an Agreement, the billing rates for Personal Touch Home Healthcare services are as follows:
Registered Nurse (RN)
Cost per nurse/each visit was estimated at $69.75
The opportunity cost of the travel time in the visiting fee was calculated by applying the rate of travel time in a home care nurse 's daily working hour at 25.9% with a total sum of $10.81
“The output per visit was calculated as: (basic visiting fee [$37.50] + transportation fee [$16.62] + fee for service [average = $15.62]), moving the travel time opportunity cost of $10.81 from the basic visiting fee to the transportation fee.” (Ryu, Ho-Sihn, 2009).
Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
$ 16.10 /Hour
Certified Nurse Assistant
$ 14.25 /Hour
High Tech Home Health Aides
$ 13.50 /Hour
Home Health Aide
$ 12.00 /Hour
Companion Aide
$ 10.00 /Hour
Rehabilitation Therapist
$20.47/hr.
Social Worker Registered Dietician
$25.20/hr.
$27.65/hr.
“A comparison of services delivered to two clients with congestive heart failure revealed that one client received 4 visits from a nurse, 14 hours of service from a home support worker, 1 visit from a nutritionist, 3 visits from an occupational therapist and 4 visits from a physiotherapist for a total cost of $931.57” (Alcock, 1998).
However, a holiday rate (1.5 times the base rate) shall apply for Christmas Day, New Year’s Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, and Thanksgiving Day.
Business Operations
In order to provide a service, there are certain things you are going to need to run your business such as desks, chairs, furniture for the lobby, computer software, printers, phone system, office supplies, office equipment, uniforms and badges for field staff, etc. One of the most important things you are going to need is a place of business; however, some people run their business from their home, when you have other who choose to lease or purchase a building. As a business owner, my preference would be to start by leasing, especially since it is a new business, and would not want to jump into something risk taking, so it is best to start off small and then work your way up, once you have the success of your business.
Global economic conditions and macroeconomic indicators
According to the Wall Street Journal (WSG) home health care helps with treating disabled clients in the privacy of their own homes rather than paying for hospitalizations that are costly and this is considered one of the fastest growing industry of health care, which saves billions of dollars every year. Obama care is the current global economic condition which is affecting the US economy with getting my business situated in terms of the drastic changes in the health care system, especially in Medicare, which is seriously affecting seniors in many ways resulting in less care. Although, the new health law spending is being financed by spending reductions in the Medicare program. “Obama care mandates $716 billion in Medicare payment reductions from 2013 to 2022” (Martinez, 2014). However, these cuts are not affecting fraud, abuse, and waste, it is affecting the changes in Medicare payment for Medicare providers, which includes the hospitals, home health agencies, nursing homes, and hospice agencies. Medicare has certain guidelines in place for home health services, for example, if a client needs care around the clock care Medicare will not pay for it.
Local economy 's stage in the business cycle It is great to report that the state of Michigan has experienced an increase referencing entrepreneurs, which they are seeing that recession is letting up on their businesses. “And the percentage of entrepreneurs with businesses less than 3 months old is up for the first time since the economy nose-dived in 2008 -- almost doubling, from 4.8% in 2010 to 8.4% in 2011 -- the report found” (Meyer, 2014) . However, in order to start a business, an owner may have to apply for a small business loan, in this instance due to the economic conditions many people feel that it is difficult to get a loan because they believe that banks do not want to give out loans. It’s not so much that it’s easy or hard to get a loan; however, every financial institution is different when applying for loans because of the parameters set by the company and they want to make sure that they are lending to companies who need the money and have the adequate amount of credit worthiness. Although, there are many loan promotions, such as a low introductory rate which benefits the customer in a great way.
Current credit market conditions
The unemployment rate is considered to be one of the main economic indicators in Michigan, in relation to the market of labor in terms of the population. To be considered as unemployed the person would have no earnings of income; however they are seeking employment, and they would be able to accept a job offer if one is offered to people who are without work. However, the jobless rate of Michigan has been showing an improvement in the year of 2013.
“The Michigan rate has fallen about a half a percentage point since late 2012, by a full percentage point since December 2011, and by nearly percentage points since the most recent peak of 14.2 percent in August 2009” (Early, 2013).
Conclusion
"It 's difficult finding and keeping a caregiver when they can earn more flipping burgers at McDonalds” (Mackay, 2004). If you want to have caregivers who are professional, one must pay a decent wage in which it would help for looking for caregivers you are considered qualified. Everyone in this world is going to get old, so we should ask ourselves, “would we want to receive care in a nursing home or your own home?". My company’s vision would be to obtain only the best caregivers to accommodate everyone with professionalism and most importantly compassion.
References
Alcock, D. (1998). Home care clients, providers and costs. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/232009772/TextPlusGrap hics/$N/0?accountid=458
Barnes, R. (2014). Economic Indicators: Consumer Confidence Index (CCI). Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/university/releases/consumerconfidence.asp
Early, S. (2013). The Impact of Obama care on Home Health Services. Retrieved from http://navixmarketplace.com/learn/the-impact-of-obamacare-on-home-health-services/
Kenyon Home Care Consulting. (2014). New Strategies for Competition in Home Health. Retrieved from http://www.kenyonhcc.com/new-strategies-for-competition/
Mackay, A. (2004). Care home life. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/213989275
Marcy, J. (2011). Senior Boom Creates A Demand For Home Health Workers. Retrieved from http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/stories/2011/august/16/direct-care-workers-in-demand- as-seniors-ranks-grow.aspx
Martinez, B. (2014). Home Care Yields Medicare Bounty . Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748703625304575116040870004462
Meyer, Z. (2014). Pushed by great recession, Michigan entrepreneurs are landing on their feet. Retrieved from http://www.freep.com/article/20130106/BUSINESS06/301060268/Pushed-by-great- recession-entrepreneurs-are-landing-on-their-feet
Michigan quality home care campaign. (2006). Healthcare Costs; Home care quality budget boost applauded. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/209119603
Parent Map. (n/a). Q&A: Getting a Loan in a Tough Economy. Retrieved from http://www.parentmap.com/article/qaa-getting-a-loan-in-a-tough-economy
Ryu, Ho-Sihn, H. (2009). An Estimation of the Cost per Visit of Home Care Nursing Services. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/236939635
Home care is the assessment of services which are coordinated to fit the individual who is receiving the care and families in a home setting in which it helps to improve their health and well-being. Services in the home, ranges from maintenance and preventive, this helps to support clients to live independently because it helps to prevent to their health situation from deteriorating. Welcome to Personal Touch Home Health Care, we are located on 29501 Greenfield Rd. Southfield, MI 48076, our office hours to serve the public is on Monday through Friday from 9am to 5pm, we also have 24 hour after hour home care service available. Mission Statement: Personal Touch Home Health Care is wholeheartedly dedicated to providing quality services to our clients and families. Our goal is to support our clients with recovery, or to achieve independence at home with comfortable and familiar surroundings. Personal Touch compassionate, competent, and ethical staff operate with our clients need. We will continue to challenge and enhance the company’s standards of care while maintaining our integrity as we strive for excellence. …show more content…
Market Structure Competitive Market: To provide personal care and support services by a suitably qualified staff in accordance with a care plan developed by a Nursing Supervisor and/or Director of Nursing and agreed upon by client/client’s guardian or case manager.
The scope of services pertaining to the care plan will be reviewed periodically and revised as needed based on the client’s health. The plan of care is discussed with the care providers, such as Home Health Aides (HHA) and Registered Nurses (RN) prior to the onset of care and will include, but not limited to the
following:
Personal Care Services
Assisting the client to maintain personal hygiene.
Assisting the client with ambulation and exercise, as appropriate.
Assisting with ADL’s.
Planning and preparing meals.
Maintaining a healthy, safe environment.
Performing certain treatments when ordered by the physician, and approved, instructed, and supervised by the Registered Nurse (a therapist may be the appropriate supervisor in some cases).
Reporting to the Nurse Supervisor, any change in the client’s mental or physical condition or in the home situation.
Documenting clinical notes.
Support Services
24 hour live in support.
Meal preparation.
Errands.
Laundry.
Housekeeping.
Reporting to the Nurse Supervisor any change in client condition.
Documentation in clinical notes.
These tasks mentioned above are to be performed by a HHA; however, the task must be assigned by a registered nurse and in compliance with a plan of care to provide services to clients with complex care needs. Under no circumstances should a HHA be assigned any responsibilities related to any invasive procedures involving the use of a tracheostomy, enemas, feeding tubes or Foley catheters, or any other sterile procedures unless they have been instructed by an RN on a procedure and can return a correct demonstration.
Elasticity of the Service
The demand for Home Health Care is considered to be “elastic” because there is a huge market for it, and it will only get larger as time goes on because many seniors will tell you that they feel comfortable in their own home. “The Michigan Quality Home Care Campaign is urging Michigan lawmakers to support the proposed funding increase and protect citizens ' rights to stay in their own homes and receive supports” (Michigan quality home care campaign, 2006). The need for workers is high because Home Health Aides (HHA) are needed in the efforts of helping to keep seniors and the disabled out of nursing homes as researchers have said. Home health care use to be the type of business in the area that was just enough to go around to everyone who had an interest in starting an agency.
However, this service has had a high demand of interest in having a business of this kind; though, it has caused many business to lose in the market share as well as losing staff due to the high demand and competition in home care. Many home care agencies accept Medicare and private insurance, but when you are in a range of service that has high competition and market you must think of ways to differentiate and/or brand yourself from other companies like your own by developing additional lines of business, such as developing a private pay option. One of the best ways to deal with competition in home health care is to value the customers you have, and the new customers to come. Because being in a field of service such as this, you should know that the consumer has a choice to go to another agency at any time and for any reason. As a home care agency, we must listen to needs of the community in terms of services of what they are looking for from a business such as this.
Pricing
The uniqueness of my home care agency will be called Personal Touch Home Healthcare in which we will offer personalized care to meet the needs of the client. We can help our clients accomplish their recovery goals achieve the highest quality of life. Our team will work to foster independence, freedom, and promote “healing in the home” that may be beneficial to you and your family in their place of residence. Our home health aides will be professional and experienced caregivers who are skilled in attending to every one of our client’s needs. Every employee must pass a pre-employment skill level assessment as a thorough background and reference check. My business Personal Touch Home Healthcare will provide services to all persons without regard to race, age, religion, color, sex, creed, national origin, military status, handicap (mental or physical), communicable disease, marital status, status with regard to public assistance or veteran status or application. We will compete with other home health care companies by hiring staff who has a high quality of experience and/or personal experience with the following type of people:
Elderly
Diabetes
Mentally and Physically challenged
Strokes
Homebound Individuals
Spinal Cord Injuries
Burn Traumas
Traumatic brain injuries
The other ways we will compete with other companies such as this, is by providing services to customers up to 24 hours per day and 7 days a week and by serving all of the counties in the State of Michigan in Macomb, Oakland, Washtenaw, Genesee, and Wayne County. “ECCA has long maintained that care homes play a vital role in our national health and social care system; in particular, providing services to ensure people receive care and support 24 hours a day, every day of the year” (Mackay, 2004). We will market ourselves in a way to tell people, “why pay lengthy staying hospital bills, where there is a way to be cost effective alternative” by working with us because services can be paid by:
Department of Human Services
Medicare
Auto & Private Insurance Plans
Private Sectors
Long-Term Care Insurance
Private Payment
So when the time comes for a possible customer to choose home healthcare services, we hope that they will give us the opportunity to serve them by providing quality care at the patient’s doorstep by helping them towards a healthier tomorrow.
Pricing Decisions
“The costs concerning additional employee benefits that exclude the four main insurance fees include expenses for group activities, staff clothing, communication, taxes, sanitation, payment commission, educational training, document copying, entertainment, events, consumable supplies, and research” (Ryu, Ho-Sihn, 2009).
The number of people needed to provide services consist of the following number of employees, an:
President/CEO
Chief Operating Officer>>>>Chief Operating Officer >>>> >>>>Human Resource Associates>>>>
Medical Records/Data Processing>>>> >>>>Medical Records/Data Processing Assistants>>>> >>>>>Network Administrator>>>>>Couriers>>>>> >>>>>>Staffing Coordinators/Schedulers
General Counsel
Administrative of Clinical Services
Administrative Assistant
Receptionist
Director of Nursing >>>>> Medical Secretary
Clinical Supervisors
RN’s/LPN’s
CNA’s/HHA’s/Companions
Rehabilitation Therapist
Social Worker & Registered Dietician
In reference to billing/rates, the client should understand that care provided will be billed to an insurance carrier, which may include but is not limited to: auto no-fault, workers’ compensation, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Medicaid, and/or other private insurance carriers. Where there is no other insurance or responsible party, bills for services provided will be directed to the Client. As of the date of an Agreement, the billing rates for Personal Touch Home Healthcare services are as follows:
Registered Nurse (RN)
Cost per nurse/each visit was estimated at $69.75
The opportunity cost of the travel time in the visiting fee was calculated by applying the rate of travel time in a home care nurse 's daily working hour at 25.9% with a total sum of $10.81
“The output per visit was calculated as: (basic visiting fee [$37.50] + transportation fee [$16.62] + fee for service [average = $15.62]), moving the travel time opportunity cost of $10.81 from the basic visiting fee to the transportation fee.” (Ryu, Ho-Sihn, 2009).
Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
$ 16.10 /Hour
Certified Nurse Assistant
$ 14.25 /Hour
High Tech Home Health Aides
$ 13.50 /Hour
Home Health Aide
$ 12.00 /Hour
Companion Aide
$ 10.00 /Hour
Rehabilitation Therapist
$20.47/hr.
Social Worker Registered Dietician
$25.20/hr.
$27.65/hr.
“A comparison of services delivered to two clients with congestive heart failure revealed that one client received 4 visits from a nurse, 14 hours of service from a home support worker, 1 visit from a nutritionist, 3 visits from an occupational therapist and 4 visits from a physiotherapist for a total cost of $931.57” (Alcock, 1998).
However, a holiday rate (1.5 times the base rate) shall apply for Christmas Day, New Year’s Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, and Thanksgiving Day.
Business Operations
In order to provide a service, there are certain things you are going to need to run your business such as desks, chairs, furniture for the lobby, computer software, printers, phone system, office supplies, office equipment, uniforms and badges for field staff, etc. One of the most important things you are going to need is a place of business; however, some people run their business from their home, when you have other who choose to lease or purchase a building. As a business owner, my preference would be to start by leasing, especially since it is a new business, and would not want to jump into something risk taking, so it is best to start off small and then work your way up, once you have the success of your business.
Global economic conditions and macroeconomic indicators
According to the Wall Street Journal (WSG) home health care helps with treating disabled clients in the privacy of their own homes rather than paying for hospitalizations that are costly and this is considered one of the fastest growing industry of health care, which saves billions of dollars every year. Obama care is the current global economic condition which is affecting the US economy with getting my business situated in terms of the drastic changes in the health care system, especially in Medicare, which is seriously affecting seniors in many ways resulting in less care. Although, the new health law spending is being financed by spending reductions in the Medicare program. “Obama care mandates $716 billion in Medicare payment reductions from 2013 to 2022” (Martinez, 2014). However, these cuts are not affecting fraud, abuse, and waste, it is affecting the changes in Medicare payment for Medicare providers, which includes the hospitals, home health agencies, nursing homes, and hospice agencies. Medicare has certain guidelines in place for home health services, for example, if a client needs care around the clock care Medicare will not pay for it.
Local economy 's stage in the business cycle It is great to report that the state of Michigan has experienced an increase referencing entrepreneurs, which they are seeing that recession is letting up on their businesses. “And the percentage of entrepreneurs with businesses less than 3 months old is up for the first time since the economy nose-dived in 2008 -- almost doubling, from 4.8% in 2010 to 8.4% in 2011 -- the report found” (Meyer, 2014) . However, in order to start a business, an owner may have to apply for a small business loan, in this instance due to the economic conditions many people feel that it is difficult to get a loan because they believe that banks do not want to give out loans. It’s not so much that it’s easy or hard to get a loan; however, every financial institution is different when applying for loans because of the parameters set by the company and they want to make sure that they are lending to companies who need the money and have the adequate amount of credit worthiness. Although, there are many loan promotions, such as a low introductory rate which benefits the customer in a great way.
Current credit market conditions
The unemployment rate is considered to be one of the main economic indicators in Michigan, in relation to the market of labor in terms of the population. To be considered as unemployed the person would have no earnings of income; however they are seeking employment, and they would be able to accept a job offer if one is offered to people who are without work. However, the jobless rate of Michigan has been showing an improvement in the year of 2013.
“The Michigan rate has fallen about a half a percentage point since late 2012, by a full percentage point since December 2011, and by nearly percentage points since the most recent peak of 14.2 percent in August 2009” (Early, 2013).
Conclusion
"It 's difficult finding and keeping a caregiver when they can earn more flipping burgers at McDonalds” (Mackay, 2004). If you want to have caregivers who are professional, one must pay a decent wage in which it would help for looking for caregivers you are considered qualified. Everyone in this world is going to get old, so we should ask ourselves, “would we want to receive care in a nursing home or your own home?". My company’s vision would be to obtain only the best caregivers to accommodate everyone with professionalism and most importantly compassion.
References
Alcock, D. (1998). Home care clients, providers and costs. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/232009772/TextPlusGrap hics/$N/0?accountid=458
Barnes, R. (2014). Economic Indicators: Consumer Confidence Index (CCI). Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/university/releases/consumerconfidence.asp
Early, S. (2013). The Impact of Obama care on Home Health Services. Retrieved from http://navixmarketplace.com/learn/the-impact-of-obamacare-on-home-health-services/
Kenyon Home Care Consulting. (2014). New Strategies for Competition in Home Health. Retrieved from http://www.kenyonhcc.com/new-strategies-for-competition/
Mackay, A. (2004). Care home life. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/213989275
Marcy, J. (2011). Senior Boom Creates A Demand For Home Health Workers. Retrieved from http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/stories/2011/august/16/direct-care-workers-in-demand- as-seniors-ranks-grow.aspx
Martinez, B. (2014). Home Care Yields Medicare Bounty . Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748703625304575116040870004462
Meyer, Z. (2014). Pushed by great recession, Michigan entrepreneurs are landing on their feet. Retrieved from http://www.freep.com/article/20130106/BUSINESS06/301060268/Pushed-by-great- recession-entrepreneurs-are-landing-on-their-feet
Michigan quality home care campaign. (2006). Healthcare Costs; Home care quality budget boost applauded. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/209119603
Parent Map. (n/a). Q&A: Getting a Loan in a Tough Economy. Retrieved from http://www.parentmap.com/article/qaa-getting-a-loan-in-a-tough-economy
Ryu, Ho-Sihn, H. (2009). An Estimation of the Cost per Visit of Home Care Nursing Services. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/236939635