Cardio Vascular Disease Research Paper

Heart and blood vessel disease also known as cardiovascular disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide, Especially in central Massachusetts. 1 out 4 deaths in Massachusetts are due to heart disease. Yearly 12,947 people die from heart disease each year in the state of Massachusetts. 1 Many programs and coalitions have been created to educate people of all ages to prevent cardio vascular disease.

Non- Modifiable risks are risk factors that cannot be changed. Non- modifiable risk factor for cardio- vascular disease consists of Age, gender, and family history. Cardio vascular disease occurs within those who are older with age. With age, heart muscles are not durable compared to before. Gender is also a non-modifiable factor. Men
are more pronged to contract cardiovascular disease. Family history is a factor that indicates that a person is at greater risk for cardiovascular disease. If a first-degree blood relative has had cardiovascular disease or stroke before the age of 55, the risk increases greatly.

Modifiable risk factors are factors that can be treated or controlled. Three modifiable risks of cardiovascular disease include cigarette smoking, physical inactivity and bad diet habits. Bad diet habits lead to being overweight or being obese .Two out of three Americans are now overweight or obese, which poses a threat to their cardio metabolic health. A diet high in saturated fat increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. Obesity is a major risk for cardiovascular disease and predisposes you to diabetes.
The intrapersonal level of the socio ecological model is the occurring within mind or self.2 A well-rounded diet improves a person’s health standing.
An individual may believe what he or she is eating is not harmful to the body. It is solemnly up to a person on what he or she eats. Interpersonal processes are the influences that surround us. For example, Kids aren’t able to dictate what they eat because it is solemnly dependent on their guardians on what they provide for them. Institutional can be defined as a school setting. Institution/school can have an affect on a child’s diet substantially. A child eats about 3 meals during their stay at school. A schools meal plan can shape a child’s future. Communities that are financially unstable are generally unhealthy and overweight.3 The cost of fast food is cheaper than purchasing fruits, vegetables and organic foods. Within public policy the government to improve the diet of people all over the country has modified diet. In public schools school lunches have been changed to improve the health of school
children. Physical inactivity increases the chances of heart disease and stroke by almost 50%.
The American Heart Association recommends 30-60 minutes of aerobic exercise three to four times per week to promote cardiovascular fitness. It also helps prevent the development of diabetes, helps maintain weight loss, and reduces hypertensions, which are independent risk factors for Cardio Vascular. (Health.gov1999)4 One Intrapersonal issue when it comes to physical activity is an individual’s personal belief to be physically active. An interpersonal factor would be family support when deciding to become physically active. An individual is more physically active when having a companion or family member. Institutions would affect a person only if a school provided physical education. Within a community it is sometimes considered out of the normality to physically active. Public policy is also a great factor when concerning physical activity. The government funds many programs that involve physical activity and
involvement.

Smoking is also a modifiable risk factor that is a great determinant in cardiovascular disease. There are currently 1 billion smokers in the world right now. 10 percent of those smokers are affected with cardiovascular disease. The risk of developing Cardio vascular disease is higher in female smokers young men and in heavy smokers. Studies show that people who quit smoking the risk of cardio vascular disease is greatly reduced. Within the socio ecological model an Intrapersonal effect will be considered an individual who chooses to smoke. Smoking is a personal choice that eventually becomes an addiction. Interpersonal level of the socio ecological will relate to the smokers that surround an individual. Second hand smoke can also be a factor when it comes to cardiovascular disease. In a community, if someone is use to seeing their community engages in smoking rituals and etc. … One is influenced to do the same.

Bibliography /citation
"Physical Inactivity and Cardiovascular Disease." Physical Inactivity and Cardiovascular Disease. Healthy Government, 17 May 2009. Web. 07 Oct. 2013.

Painter, Ashlie S. "Why Low-Income and Food Insecure People Are Vulnerable to Overweight and Obesity « Food Research & Action Center." Weblog post. Food Research Action Center Why LowIncome and Food Insecure People Are Vulnerable to Overweight and Obesity Comments. N.p., May-June 2007. Web. 07 Oct. 2013.

"Why Low-Income and Food Insecure People Are Vulnerable to Overweight and Obesity « Food Research & Action Center." Food Research Action Center Why LowIncome and Food Insecure People Are Vulnerable to Overweight and Obesity Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2013.

What Is Cardiovascular Disease (Heart Disease)?" What Is Cardiovascular Disease (Heart Disease)? N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2013.